Mars ionosphere data inversion by MARSIS surface and subsurface signals analysis

Picardi, G.; Cartacci, M.; Cicchetti, A.; Cutigni, M.; Iorio, M.; Masdea, A.; Seu, R.; Plaut, J. J.; Johnson, W. L.; Jordan, R.; Safaeinili, A.; Bombaci, O.; Calabrese, D.; Zampolini, E.; Gurnett, D. A.; Nielsen, E.

doi:10.1109/radar.2008.4720760

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…TEC estimates from subsurface data have been computed independently using two different methods: (1) the one explained in Safaeinili et al [, ] and Mouginot et al [], hereafter Mouginot et al, and (2) the method described in Picardi et al [] and Cartacci et al [], hereafter Cartacci et al Both TEC methods are well‐founded techniques largely used by the scientific community and based on wave propagation theory in the ionosphere (see previous references for more detail), which is characterized by the refractive index n , where

n ((), z) ≅ \sqrt{1 - \frac{f_{p}^{2} ((), z)}{f^{2}}}

and z is the altitude from the surface of the planet, f is the MARSIS carrier frequency, and f p is the plasma frequency. This last term can also be written as

f_{p} ((), z) = 8.98 \sqrt{N_{e} ((), z)}

, where N e ( z ) is the electron density altitude profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) the one explained in Safaeinili et al [2003Safaeinili et al [ , 2007 and Mouginot et al [2008], hereafter Mouginot et al, and (2) the method described in Picardi et al [2008] and Cartacci et al [2013], hereafter Cartacci et al Both TEC methods are well-founded techniques largely used by the scientific community and based on wave propagation theory in the ionosphere (see previous references for more detail), which is characterized by the refractive index n, where…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Total electron content in the Martian atmosphere: A critical assessment of the Mars Express MARSIS data sets

et al. 2015

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The total electron content (TEC) is one of the most useful parameters to evaluate the behavior of the Martian ionosphere because it contains information on the total amount of free electrons, the main component of the Martian ionospheric plasma. The Mars Express Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS) radar is able to derive TEC from both of its operation modes: (1) the active ionospheric sounding (AIS) mode and (2) the subsurface mode. TEC estimates from the subsurface sounding mode can be computed from the same raw data independently using different algorithms, which should yield similar results. Significant differences on the dayside, however, have been found from two of the algorithms. Moreover, both algorithms seem also to disagree with the TEC results from the AIS mode. This paper gives a critical, quantitative, and independent assessment of these discrepancies and indicates the possible uncertainty of these databases. In addition, a comparison between the results given by the empirical model of the Martian ionosphere developed by Sánchez-Cano et al. (2013) and the different data sets has been performed. The main result is that for solar zenith angles higher than 75°, where the maximum plasma frequency is typically small compared with the radar frequencies, the two subsurface algorithms can be confidently used. For solar zenith angles less than 75°, where the maximum plasma frequency is very close to the radar frequencies, both algorithms suffer limitations. Nevertheless, despite the solar zenith angle restrictions, the dayside TEC of one of the two algorithms is consistent with the modeled TEC.

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n ((), z) ≅ \sqrt{1 - \frac{f_{p}^{2} ((), z)}{f^{2}}}

and z is the altitude from the surface of the planet, f is the MARSIS carrier frequency, and f p is the plasma frequency. This last term can also be written as

f_{p} ((), z) = 8.98 \sqrt{N_{e} ((), z)}

, where N e ( z ) is the electron density altitude profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total electron content in the Martian atmosphere: A critical assessment of the Mars Express MARSIS data sets

et al. 2015

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“…In order to quantify the distortion effects on the signal impulse due to the ionosphere propagation, can be introduced the following "gamma" model [3] to characterize the distribution of the plasma frequency vs. height:…”

Section: Ais Relevant Zone Gpr Investigation Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The uniform model and the relationship (6) can be used to simplify the data inversion procedure. As above mentioned, in [3] is illustrated an application to MARSIS GPR data of the uniform model to estimate the equivalent plasma frequency of the Mars ionosphere. However in this case is used as a parameter the time delay measured by the instrument in order to extract the ionosphere time delay component.…”

Section: Ionosphere Inversion Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The information of the compensation function coefficients can be used to extrapolate the ionosphere property. Clearly this is an indirect approach respect to AIS mode, however is equally valid as presented in [3], although in [3] one of the coefficient used to estimation procedure is the signal delay introduced by the ionosphere that is a parameter with a large sensibility to the surface roughness. To this reason in the present paper a more robust procedure will be illustrated in order to reduce the estimation accuracy of the method illustrated in [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Approach to Mars Ionosphere Characterisation

Iorio¹,

Fois²,

Mecozzi³

et al. 2008

PIERS Online

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Recently in order to investigate the distribution of water, liquid and solid, in the upper portions of the Martian's crust, two different instruments are operatives, the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS) and the SHAallow RADar (SHARAD). The secondary objective of the MARSIS instrument is the Mars Ionosphere characterisation through the Active Ionosphere Sounding (AIS) sensor. This operative mode presents the frequency agility capability in order to estimate the Mars ionosphere spectral properties. This method allows the sounding of the ionosphere first layer only. However another method to characterise the Mars ionosphere can be used. Here will be presented a new ionosphere data inversion approach using the ground penetrating (GPR) data in order to remove the data instability and the solutions uncertainly. After the analytical data inversion formulation will be evaluated the performances of the method and its applicability. Finally, will be presented an application to the experimental data in order to test the proposed ionosphere data inversion method.

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Ionosphere compensation and stepped frequency processing in the MARSIS experiment

Restano

Mastrogiuseppe

Masdea

et al. 2011

2011 Microwaves, Radar and Remote Sensing Symposium

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This paper is addressed to the improvement of the range resolution of MARSIS (Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding) by means of a modified version of the stepped frequency processing algorithm. MARSIS is a low frequency, pulse-limited radar sounder and altimeter selected by ESA as a payload of the Mars Express mission. The ionosphere affects MARSIS operation in terms of phase distortion, attenuation and Faraday rotation. The ionosphere fine compensation is obtained according to the uniform model, allowing, with the correctly compensated data, the production of MARSIS images at higher resolution. In this way it is possible to detect hidden interfaces never seen before due to MARSIS coarse vertical resolution. © 2011 IEEE

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Mars ionosphere data inversion by MARSIS surface and subsurface signals analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Total electron content in the Martian atmosphere: A critical assessment of the Mars Express MARSIS data sets

Total electron content in the Martian atmosphere: A critical assessment of the Mars Express MARSIS data sets

A New Approach to Mars Ionosphere Characterisation

Ionosphere compensation and stepped frequency processing in the MARSIS experiment

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