Mapping Residents' Perceptions of Neighborhood Boundaries: A Methodological Note

Coulton, Claudia J.; Korbin, Jill E.; Chan, Tsui; Su, Marilyn

doi:10.1023/a:1010303419034

Cited by 442 publications

(375 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Our measures of segregation employ census tracts as proxies for neighborhoods within MSAs; however, census tracts may not accurately represent residents_ experiences of neighborhood boundaries or the social distance between racial/ethnic groups. 76,77 Finally, our results may reflect selection bias arising from the process through which individuals choose to live in neighborhoods with particular normative or structural characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Associations Between Residential Segregation and Smoking During Pregnancy Among Urban African-American Women

et al. 2007

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Approximately 10% of African-American women smoke during pregnancy compared to 16% of White women. While relatively low, the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy among African-American women exceeds the Healthy People 2010 goal of 1%. In the current study, we address gaps in extant research by focusing on associations between racial/ethnic residential segregation and smoking during pregnancy among urban African-American women. We linked measures of segregation to birth certificates and data from the 2000 census in a sample of US-born AfricanAmerican women (n=403,842) living in 216 large US Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). Logistic regression models with standard errors adjusted for multiple individual observations within MSAs were used to examine associations between segregation and smoking during pregnancy and to control for important sociodemographic confounders. In all models, a u-shaped relationship was observed. Both low segregation and high segregation were associated with higher odds of smoking during pregnancy when compared to moderate segregation. We speculate that low segregation reflects a contagion process, whereby salutary minority group norms are weakened by exposure to the more harmful behavioral norms of the majority population. High segregation may reflect structural attributes associated with smoking such as less stringent tobacco control policies, exposure to urban stressors, targeted marketing of tobacco products, or limited access to treatment for tobacco dependence. A better understanding of both deleterious and protective contextual influences on smoking during pregnancy could help to inform interventions designed to meet Healthy People 2010 target goals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Associations Between Residential Segregation and Smoking During Pregnancy Among Urban African-American Women

et al. 2007

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“…Studies have reported that perceived and measured features are most highly correlated within small areas, such as one kilometer radial buffers (Moudon et al, 2006, Duncan andMummery, 2005) or zones with 500 residents (Haynes et al, 2007). Investigators have also invited participants to draw their own neighborhood boundaries (Coulton et al, 2001), an approach that may prove important for understanding how people think about the place in which they live. However, the observable heterogeneity in perception offers a crucial challenge for researchers hoping to implement uniform measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating options for measurement of neighborhood socioeconomic context: Evidence from a myocardial infarction case–control study

et al. 2008

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We hypothesized that neighborhood socioeconomic context would be most stronly associated with risk of myocardial infarction (MI) for smaller "neighborhood" definitions. We used data on 487 nonfatal, incident MI cases and 1,873 controls from a case-control study in Washington State. Census data on income, home ownership, and education were used to estimate socioeconomic context across four neighborhood definitions: one-kilometer buffer, block group, census tract, and ZIP code. No neighborhood definition led to consistently stronger associations with MI. Although we confirmed the association between neighborhood socioeconomic measures and risk of MI, we did not find these associations sensitive to neighborhood definition. Gina Lovasi, PhD, 820 IAB, MC 3355, 420 W 118th St, New York NY 10027, 212-854-3804 (office), 646-761-1362 (mobile), 212-854-8925 (fax), gl2225@columbia.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Socioeconomic disparities in health have received increasing attention by researchers (Adler and Ostrove, 1999) and policy makers (Mackenbach and Bakker, 2003) in recent decades. Socioeconomic status (SES) has been posited to be a "fundamental cause" of health disparities (Phelan et al., 2004, Williams andCollins, 2001), such that the association between SES and health is created when higher status individuals or groups mobilize flexible resources, such as money and prestige, to avoid illness and death. There is also evidence from human and animal studies that psychosocial stress in response to relative social status contributes to mortality and disease for low status individuals (Wilkinson,1999, Steptoe andMarmot, 2002) and those living in more deprived areas (Elliott, 2000). Socioeconomic characteristics measured for individuals and areas have commonly included the domains of education, employment, occupational status, income, and material resources (Braveman et al., 2005, Krieger et al., 2002a, Carstairs, 2000. The questionnaires or other methods used to ascertain such characteristics differ across settings and studies (Krieger et al., 1997), and area-based socioeconomic characteristics have the additional complication of being measured at different scales or levels of aggregation (Pickett and Pearl, 2001). NIH Public AccessIn studies of neighborhood socioeconomic context and health, several scales of measurement are used without consensus as to which is most relevant. The modifiable areal unit problem, like the ecological fallacy, is a concern for such studies because study results may be sensitive to the selected measurement scale (Guagliard...

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“…24 As census tracts boundaries are somewhat artificial and can be subject to the modifiable area unit problem, having the exact location of cases would have been preferable; however, due to confidentiality concerns around HIV this was not possible. 25,26 Therefore, census tracts were used as they were the smallest geographic unit available. They are designed to be stable over time and are considered a preferred unit for geographic analyses when compared to non-population based measures, such as zip codes.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Clustering of HIV Prevalence in Atlanta, Georgia and Population Characteristics Associated with Case Concentrations

et al. 2011

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We assessed prevalent HIV cases in Atlanta to examine case distribution trends and population characteristics at the census tract level that may be associated with clustering effects. We calculated cluster characteristics (area and internal HIV prevalence) via Kuldorff's spatial scan method. Subsequent logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze sociodemographics associated with inclusion in a cluster. Organizations offering voluntary HIV testing and counseling services were identified and we assessed average travel time to access these services. One large cluster centralized in downtown Atlanta was identified that contains 60% of prevalent HIV cases. The prevalence rate within the cluster was 1.34% compared to 0.32% outside the cluster. Clustered tracts were associated with higher levels of poverty (OR=1.19), lower density of multi-racial residents (OR=1.85), injection drug use (OR=1.99), men having sex with men (OR=3.01), and men having sex with men and IV drug use (OR=1.6). Forty-two percent (N=11) of identified HIV service providers in Atlanta are located in the cluster with an average travel time of 13 minutes via car to access these services (SD=9.24). The HIV epidemic in Atlanta is concentrated in one large cluster characterized by poverty, men who have sex with men (MSM), and IV drug usage. Prevention efforts targeted to the population living in this area as well as efforts to address the specific needs of these populations may be most beneficial in curtailing the epidemic within the identified cluster.

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Mapping Residents' Perceptions of Neighborhood Boundaries: A Methodological Note

Cited by 442 publications

References 12 publications

Associations Between Residential Segregation and Smoking During Pregnancy Among Urban African-American Women

Associations Between Residential Segregation and Smoking During Pregnancy Among Urban African-American Women

Evaluating options for measurement of neighborhood socioeconomic context: Evidence from a myocardial infarction case–control study

Spatial Clustering of HIV Prevalence in Atlanta, Georgia and Population Characteristics Associated with Case Concentrations

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