Manipulating Gut Microbiota Composition to Enhance the Therapeutic Effect of Cancer Immunotherapy

Yi, Ming; Jiao, Dechao; Qin, Shuang; Chu, Qian; Li, An‐Ping; Wu, Kongming

doi:10.1177/1534735419876351

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Such tissue damages provide more possibilities for the intestinal flora to boost the systemic immune response. 62 , 83 – 86 For patients with tumours in proximity to the intestines, in particular with large tumours, gut purging before CAR T-cell treatment and oral antibiotics to inhibit the intestinal flora are recommended. The intestinal flora will be reconstructed after the S-CRS subsides.…”

Section: Recognition and Clinical Management Of Aesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The model of cytokine release syndrome in CAR T-cell treatment for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Wei

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

Sig Transduct Target Ther

102

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Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of haematologic malignancies. However, the accompanying adverse events, the most common of which is cytokine release syndrome (CRS), substantially limit its wide application. Due to its unique physiological characteristics, CRS in CAR T-cell treatment for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) may exhibit some special features. Although existing guidelines had greatly promoted the recognition and management of CRS, many recommendations are not fully applicable to B-NHL. Therefore, it is imperative to identify responses that are specific to CRS observed following CAR T treatment for B-NHL. Based on underlying biological processes and known pathophysiological mechanisms, we tentatively propose a new model to illustrate the occurrence and evolution of CAR T-cell-therapy-related CRS in B-NHL. In this model, tumour burden and bone marrow suppression are considered determinants of CRS. Novel phenomena after CAR T-cell infusion (such as local inflammatory response) are further identified. The proposed model will help us better understand the basic biology of CRS and recognize and manage it more rationally.

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Section: Recognition and Clinical Management Of Aesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The model of cytokine release syndrome in CAR T-cell treatment for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Wei

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

Sig Transduct Target Ther

102

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“…Food items with enriched microbes responsible for increasing the efficacy of treatment can be provided. More human correlation studies are required to establish the identity of important microbes and their role in treatment ( Figure 5 ) [ 205 , 206 ].…”

Section: Microbiome Impact On Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiome and Its Implications in Cancer Immunotherapy

Choudhry

2021

Molecules

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Cancer is responsible for ~18 million deaths globally each year, representing a major cause of death. Several types of therapy strategies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and more recently immunotherapy, have been implemented in treating various types of cancer. Microbes have recently been found to be both directly and indirectly involved in cancer progression and regulation, and studies have provided novel and clear insights into the microbiome-mediated emergence of cancers. Scientists around the globe are striving hard to identify and characterize these microbes and the underlying mechanisms by which they promote or suppress various kinds of cancer. Microbes may influence immunotherapy by blocking various cell cycle checkpoints and the production of certain metabolites. Hence, there is an urgent need to better understand the role of these microbes in the promotion and suppression of cancer. The identification of microbes may help in the development of future diagnostic tools to cure cancers possibly associated with the microbiome. This review mainly focuses on various microbes and their association with different types of cancer, responses to immunotherapeutic modulation, physiological responses, and prebiotic and postbiotic effects.

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“…Escherichia and Clostridium enhance the expression of CTLA-4 in Tregs, which is beneficial to tumor immunity or CD8 + T cells, which is conducive to enhancing the blocking effect of PD-1 [142]. Furthermore, Faecalibacterium enhances the blocking effect of CTLA-4 by promoting the production of Tregs and upregulating the expression of inducible T cell costimulatory (ICOS) [143]. However, some members of the microbiota have antagonistic effects on ICIs.…”

Section: A Powerful Auxiliary Role Of Microbiota In Cancer Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal microbiota: a new force in cancer immunotherapy

Dai

Zhang

et al. 2020

Cell Commun Signal

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Cancer displays high levels of heterogeneity and mutation potential, and curing cancer remains a challenge that clinicians and researchers are eager to overcome. In recent years, the emergence of cancer immunotherapy has brought hope to many patients with cancer. Cancer immunotherapy reactivates the immune function of immune cells by blocking immune checkpoints, thereby restoring the anti-tumor activity of immune cells. However, immune-related adverse events are a common complication of checkpoint blockade, which might be caused by the physiological role of checkpoint pathways in regulating adaptive immunity and preventing autoimmunity. In this context, the intestinal microbiota has shown great potential in the immunotherapy of cancer. The intestinal microbiota not only regulates the immune function of the body, but also optimizes the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors, thus reducing the occurrence of complications. Therefore, manipulating the intestinal microbiota is expected to enhance the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors and reduce adverse reactions, which will lead to new breakthroughs in immunotherapy and cancer management.

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Manipulating Gut Microbiota Composition to Enhance the Therapeutic Effect of Cancer Immunotherapy

Cited by 43 publications

References 112 publications

The model of cytokine release syndrome in CAR T-cell treatment for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma

The model of cytokine release syndrome in CAR T-cell treatment for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma

The Microbiome and Its Implications in Cancer Immunotherapy

Intestinal microbiota: a new force in cancer immunotherapy

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