Managing Patients with Genital Herpes and their Sexual Partners

Patel, Raj; Rompalo, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2005.04.003

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Neighborhood-based interventions focused on behavioral risk-reduction such as condom use, STD education and/or increasing the availability of treatment have been shown to decrease the transmission and spread of herpesviruses (Patel and Rompalo 2005;Wald et al 2005). There is also evidence to suggest that the development of a vaccine against HSV-2 and EBV would have an impact on HIV infection rates and treatment for herpesvirus has been shown to lower HIV-1 viral load (Nagot et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Levels of Psychological Stress, Herpesvirus Reactivation and HIV

2008

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Nearly 40,000 Americans are newly infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) each year. Recently, studies have demonstrated associations between group-level characteristics and the prevalence and incidence of HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and other sexually transmitted diseases. Two mechanisms previously posited to explain these associations are neighborhood effects on risk behaviors and social or institutional policies. In this paper, we hypothesize that adversity at the population level, such as neighborhood poverty, also influences HIV risk through stress-mediated aberrations in immunological susceptibility by reviewing existing data examining each of these pathways. In particular, we review the evidence showing that: (1) Neighborhood ecologic stressors influence neighborhood-and individual-levels of mental health, psychosocial stress, and HIV/AIDS risk, (2) Individual-level psychosocial stressors influence progression from HIV to AIDS through stress-related hormonal changes, and (3) Individual-level psychosocial stressors influence HIV acquisition via stress-related reactivation of latent herpesviruses, specifically EBV and HSV-2. Our review indicates that further studies are needed to examine the joint pathways linking neighborhood-level sources of psychosocial stress, stress-related reactivation of HSV-2 and EBV, and increased acquisition rates of HIV. We suggest using a multi-level framework for targeting HIV prevention efforts that address not only behavioral risk factors, but structural, political, and institutional factors associated with neighborhood disadvantage, levels of psychosocial stress, and prevention or treatment of HSV-2 and EBV.

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“…Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted viral infection that is highly prevalent around the world (Patel and Rompalo, 2005;Roberts, 2005). For example, it is estimated that around 17 per cent of sexually active people in the United States of America (Xu et al, 2006), and 12 per cent of sexually active Australians (Cunningham et al, 2006) have the condition.…”

Section: Introduction -Genital Herpes and The Contagious Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the WHO reports that in rural areas of Costa Rica, Kenya and Mexico up to 40 per cent of women aged 15-19 are reported to have the condition. While genital herpes is not life-threatening, it can cause physical discomfort to varying degrees of severity, and may increase the risk of contracting HIV (Cunningham et al, 2006;Ooi and Dayan, 2002;Patel and Rompalo, 2005). It is also reported to have a serious impact on psychological and social functioning for many people (Green, 2004).…”

Section: Introduction -Genital Herpes and The Contagious Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Governing the contagious body: genital herpes, contagion and technologies of the self

Oster

Cheek

2008

Health (London)

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a b s t r a c t Genital herpes is a prevalent sexually transmitted viral infection. While genital herpes is not life-threatening, it can cause physical discomfort and psychosocial diffi culties, and may increase the risk of contracting HIV. Given that genital herpes cannot be cured, both the condition itself, and the possibility of passing it on to others, becomes a part of the everyday reality of those individuals diagnosed with genital herpes. In this article we explore the ways in which people with genital herpes attending the Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) clinic govern their 'contagious bodies'. The discussion draws on the Foucauldian concept of governmentality, and uses Foucault's idea of ethics as a framework to identify the technologies of the self by which individuals with genital herpes govern their own thoughts and behaviours in relation to the contagiousness of the condition. Implications for practice and other ways of thinking about what happens in the STI clinic context are suggested.k e y w o r d s contagion; genital herpes; governmentality; technologies of the self a

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“…It is also responsible for neonatal morbidity, a co-factor for HIV transmission, particularly in developing countries (Patel and Rompalo, 2005), and it is also involved in several ocular diseases (Liesegang, 2001;Pepose et al, 2006). The two forms of Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 e HSV-2) are morphologically similar and produce indistinguishable characteristics during the initial infection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant and antiviral effects of Pterocaulon alopecuroides and Bidens segetum extracts

Silveira¹,

Martins²,

Costa³

et al. 2009

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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RESUMO: "Efeitos citotóxico, antioxidante e antiviral in vitro de extratos de Pterocaulon alopecuroides e Bidens segetum". Pterocaulon alopecuroides (Lamark) De Candolle e Bidens segetum Mart. ex Colla são duas espécies pertencentes à família Asteraceae. Os extratos dessas duas espécies foram avaliados quanto às suas atividades citotóxica, antioxidante e antiviral. Todos os extratos analisados apresentaram citotoxidade muito alta contra linhagens de células RBL-2H3. O ensaio de atividade antioxidante demonstrou uma alta atividade das frações em acetato de etila de B. segetum e P. alopecuroides. Isso pode ser parcialmente explicado pelo alto conteúdo de cumarinas, ao menos para P. alopecuroides. Nenhum dos extratos etanólicos totais de B. segetum mostraram atividade significativa contra o vírus Herpes simplex (Tipos 1 e 2 resistentes ao aciclovir). O extrato etanólico de P. alopecuroides também foi inativo contra o vírus Herpes simplex tipo 1 resistente ao aciclovir. Entretanto, este extrato apresentou atividade inibitória contra o vírus Herpes simplex tipo 2 resistente ao aciclovir. Do extrato etanólico bruto de P. alopecuroides foi possível isolar a 7-(2',3'-dihidroxi-3'-metilbutiloxi)-6-metoxicumarina, a qual foi testada nas mesmas condições, demonstrando um índice de inibição viral quase duas vezes maior do que o da amostra de P. alopecuroides para HSV-2-ACVr. A cumarina tabém foi ativa contra HSV-1-ACVr. Esses resultados evidenciam a importância de Pterocaulon alopecuroides e Bidens segetum como plantas medicinais.Unitermos: Pterocaulon alopecuroides, Bidens segetum, atividade antiviral, atividade citotóxica, atividade antioxidante, 7-(2',3'-dihidroxi-3'-metilbutiloxi)-6-metoxicumarina. ABSTRACT:Pterocaulon alopecuroides (Lamark) De Candolle and Bidens segetum Mart. ex Colla are two species belonging to the Asteraceae family. Extracts from those two species were evaluated to their cytotoxic, antioxidant and antiviral activities. All the extracts assayed have shown a very high cytotoxity against RBL-2H3 cell line. The antioxidant assay pointed out a really high activity of the ethyl acetate extracts for B. segetum and P. alopecuroides. This can be partially explained due to the high content of coumarins, at least for P. alopecuroides. None of the total ethanol extracts from B. segetum showed significant activity against the two strains of Herpes simplex virus (Types 1 and 2 resistant to acyclovir). P. alopecuroides ethanol extract was also inactive against the Herpes simplex virus type 1 resistant to acyclovir. However, this extract presented inhibitory activity against the Herpes simplex virus type 2 resistant to acyclovir. From the ethanol crude extract of P. alopecuroides, it was possible to isolate 7-(2',3'-dihidroxy-3'-methylbutyloxy)-6-methoxycoumarin, which was tested in the same conditions, showing a viral inhibitory rate almost twice bigger than the P. alopecuroides sample for HSV-2-ACVr. The coumarin was also active against HSV-1-ACVr. Those results provide further evidence of the importance of Pter...

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“…The remaining measures h~~~roWJI shortcomings. Specifically, genital herpes may be preventable with prenatal care (ACOG 1988;CDC 1989,20 0 d, rnJIiOS 2000Rouse and Stringer 2000;Patel 2004;Brown et al 2005;Patel and Rompalo 2005); hYdramnios!~ligohY ;:teriIle seems strongly associated with diabetes (Dashe et al 2000) and so its use in a robustness check is limited; an lIer)and bleeding is very broadly defined. Finally, Rh sensitization presents a serious danger to the fetus (but not the mot iswe mostly occurs during delivery.…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What about Mom? The Forgotten Beneficiary of the Medicaid Expansions

Kutinova

Conway²

2008

Southern Economic Journal

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This paper contributes to evidence regarding the effectiveness of the Medicaid expansions by focusing on a key beneficiary—the mother—who has previously been overlooked. Using the Natality Detail Files for 1989‐1996, we estimate the relationship between Medicaid eligibility and maternal health outcomes for several treatment groups and a control group. Potential biases caused by improved reporting are addressed by using a “straw man” maternal complication not preventable with prenatal care. Our results indicate that increased Medicaid eligibility may have led to fewer preventable maternal complications among women most likely to have benefited from the Medicaid expansions.

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Managing Patients with Genital Herpes and their Sexual Partners

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Population Levels of Psychological Stress, Herpesvirus Reactivation and HIV

Governing the contagious body: genital herpes, contagion and technologies of the self

In vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant and antiviral effects of Pterocaulon alopecuroides and Bidens segetum extracts

What about Mom? The Forgotten Beneficiary of the Medicaid Expansions

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