Management targets for continuously stocked mixed oat×annual ryegrass pasture in a no-till integrated crop–livestock system

Kunrath, Taise Robinson; Cadenazzi, Mónica; Brambilla, Daniel Martins; Anghinoni, Ibanor; Moraes, Aníbal de; Barro, Raquel Santiago; Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2013.09.013

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…ADG increased with increasing GI and DMI decreased with decreasing GI (Table 2). This behavior is consistent with findings in the literature (BARBOSA et al, 2007;KUNRATH et al, 2014). According to Carvalho et al (2008), grazed pastures at low GI have higher forage mass, which optimizes consumption, reflecting directly on individual performance.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

The effect of grazing intensity and supplementation on performance, stress indicators and metabolic profiles of finishing lambs

et al. 2015

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In the present study, the effect of grazing intensity (GI) and feed supplementation in sixty-four crossbred Santa Inês lambs was assessed based on performance, blood stress indicators, and metabolic profiles. The GIs analyzed were VH = very high, H = high, L = low, and VL = very low, and were represented by the residual leaf area index (LAIr). The lambs were divided into two groups, supplemented (SP) and non-supplemented (NSP). The dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) increased linearly with decreasing GI (P < 0.05), and the ADG was higher for the NSP group than the SP group (P < 0.05). The plasma cortisol concentration was higher in the NSP group (P < 0.05), and it was not affected by GIs (P > 0.05). The neutrophil:lymphocyte (N:L) ratio decreased linearly with GI (P < 0.05), and the SP group had a higher N:L ratio (P < 0.05). None of the parameters evaluated for protein metabolism were affected by GI (P > 0.05), except albumin, where the SP group had a higher concentration of this metabolite (P < 0.05). Regarding energy metabolism indicators, glucose showed a linear increase with a decrease in GI (P < 0.05) and was higher in the SP group (P < 0.05); however, there was a decreasing linear effect (P < 0.05) and the NSP group had higher serum levels (P < 0.05) of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). The concentration of beta hydroxybutyrate (HBA-B) was higher in the SP group (P < 0.05). The concentration of calcium was affected by GI (P < 0.05). The phosphorus concentration was higher in the SP group (P < 0.05), and concentration of magnesium was not affected by any of the treatments (P > 0.05). It was concluded that GI and SP modified the performance, stress indicators, and metabolic profiles of finishing lambs. Key words: Blood parameters, cortisol, energy metabolism, ovine, pasture, protein metabolism ResumoNo presente estudo foi avaliado o efeito de intensidades de pastejo (IP) pelo índice de área foliar residual (IAFr). Onde, 0,8; 1,4; 2,0 e 2,6 de IAFr corresponde a MA= muito alto, A= alto, B= baixo e MB= muito baixo com suplemento (SP) ou não suplementado (NSP) no desempenho, indicadores de estresse e perfil

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

The effect of grazing intensity and supplementation on performance, stress indicators and metabolic profiles of finishing lambs

et al. 2015

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“…The experiment was carried out under a completely randomized block design with three replicates for grazed treatments, and two for the NG. The preceding 2009 winter pasture management is described in detail by Kunrath et al (2014), and key variables are shown in Table 2. Data from 2001 to 2008 were similar and were reported by Carvalho et al (2011 Soybean plant population, plant height and shoot dry matter accumulation (DM) were evaluated at 27, 49 and 62 days after sowing (DAS).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing management in an integrated crop-livestock system: soybean development and grain yield

Kunrath¹,

Carvalho

Cadenazzi

et al. 2015

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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-Grazing livestock in integrated crop-livestock systems can cause impacts in the subsequent crop cycle. Aiming to investigate how grazing could affect soybean, the 9th crop cycle of a pasture/soybean rotation was assessed. Treatments were grazing intensities (10, 20, 30 and 40 cm of sward height) applied since 2001 in a mixed of oat and annual ryegrass; and an additional no grazing area as control. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replicates. Grazing affected soybean population and the mass of individual nodules (P<0.05), while the number and mass of nodules per plant were similar (P>0.05). Soybean yield showed differences among treatments, but no difference was found between grazed and non-grazed areas. Grazing intensities impact the coverage and frequency of weeds (P>0.05). In conclusion, grazing intensity impacts different parameters of soybean yield and development, but only the grazing intensity of 10 cm can jeopardize the succeeding soybean crop.

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“…These two parameters are highly correlated (Kunrath et al . ), and SH has become an important management variable for both continuous (e.g. Pontes et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Kunrath et al . (), managing mixed annual ryegrass and black oat pastures at 20 cm under continuous stocking leads to several soil‐plant‐system benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between sward height and herbage mass for integrated crop‐livestock systems with trees

et al. 2017

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Sward height (SH) is an important management variable for both continuous and intermittent stocking, since it is easily measured and highly correlated to herbage mass (HM). However, in systems with trees, tree shading can alter the relationship between SH and HM by changes in the sward structure. Understanding these relationships under shading could help identify and design management practices for swards in association with trees. The aim of this study was to investigate the SH and HM relationship for a continuously stocked mixed black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) + annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pasture in two systems, i.e. with and without trees, with two levels of nitrogen (N) (90 vs. 180 kg N ha−1), three replicates and over 2 years (2014/2015). Comparison of regression lines was performed between SH (x‐variable) and HM (y‐variable), showing mainly a system effect. Shading altered the relationship between SH and HM in order of magnitude (i.e. different intercepts), but not in the rate of change (i.e. equal slopes). Regardless the SH, oat + ryegrass mixture under trees produced 698 kg of dry matter (DM) ha−1 less than those without trees. Therefore, a target SH used at full sun systems as an index for management (e.g. 20 cm) might not apply under trees with >50% shade, since HM may be limiting to ensure intake of grazing animals (e.g. <1200 kg DM ha−1). The shade level must be controlled to optimize the yield of these forage species and to maintain the necessary HM to ensure the sustainability of no‐till silvopastoral systems.

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Management targets for continuously stocked mixed oat×annual ryegrass pasture in a no-till integrated crop–livestock system

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

The effect of grazing intensity and supplementation on performance, stress indicators and metabolic profiles of finishing lambs

The effect of grazing intensity and supplementation on performance, stress indicators and metabolic profiles of finishing lambs

Grazing management in an integrated crop-livestock system: soybean development and grain yield

Relationship between sward height and herbage mass for integrated crop‐livestock systems with trees

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