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Cited by 473 publications
(712 citation statements)
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References 199 publications
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“…28 It can be 'simple' (with sterile exudate) or 'complicated' (with progression to a fibrinopurulent state), characterised by pH <7.2, glucose level of <2.2 mmol/L, and LDH level of >1000 IU/L. 29 Empyema thoracis is a complicated parapneumonic effusion with frank pus. 28 A definitive diagnosis of simple non-tuberculous parapneumonic effusion was made if the PF was exudative and sterile with LDH level of ≤1000 IU/L and if there was a compatible clinical response to empirical antibiotic treatment, in the absence of an alternative diagnosis by 1 year after the first attempt of diagnostic thoracentesis.…”
Section: Definitionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…28 It can be 'simple' (with sterile exudate) or 'complicated' (with progression to a fibrinopurulent state), characterised by pH <7.2, glucose level of <2.2 mmol/L, and LDH level of >1000 IU/L. 29 Empyema thoracis is a complicated parapneumonic effusion with frank pus. 28 A definitive diagnosis of simple non-tuberculous parapneumonic effusion was made if the PF was exudative and sterile with LDH level of ≤1000 IU/L and if there was a compatible clinical response to empirical antibiotic treatment, in the absence of an alternative diagnosis by 1 year after the first attempt of diagnostic thoracentesis.…”
Section: Definitionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the case we present, the patient's main risk factor for formation of an empyema was the prolonged duration of her symptoms. 15 In addition to this, her ED blood work revealed thrombocytosis (platelet count 500) and hypoalbuminemia (albumin 21 g/L), both of which are predictive for possible empyema, though extremely non-specific. 5 …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…14 The British Thoracic Society Guideline on management of pleural infection in adults states that ultrasound can be used for the initial assessment of the presence of pleural effusions and empyemas. 15 We were unable to identify any studies evaluating the sensitivity or specificity of PoCUS for the diagnosis of empyema.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Making the diagnosis of iatrogenic pleural infection is the same as for other clinical contexts [35]. Fluid and blood should be sent for culture to help identify a causative organism and identify antibiotic resistance.…”
Section: Iatrogenic Pleural Infectionmentioning
confidence: 99%