Management of nonmelanoma skin cancer in 2007

Abstract

As the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) increases, so does the number of modalities used to treat this condition. Surgery is the most frequent approach used to treat NMSC, and clinicians usually perform Mohs micrographic surgery, conventional excision, electrodesiccation and curettage or cryosurgery. The 'gold standard' for treatment continues to be Mohs micrographic surgery, but owing to the time and expense involved with this procedure, it is indicated only in patients with aggressive tumors or those where disfigurement or functional impairment is a risk. Although radiation therapy is effective, its use is limited because of the side effects induced; radiation therapy can be used in certain patients who are not surgical candidates. Newer noninvasive options for NMSC include topical chemotherapeutics, biological-immune-response modifiers, retinoids, and photodynamic therapy, which can be used particularly in patients with superficial tumors. Treatments should be tailored to tumor type, location, size, and histological pattern, and although surgical methods remain the most frequently used, newer noninvasive treatments can be used in select tumors and may reduce morbidity.

Serpin Peptidase Inhibitor Clade A Member 1 (SerpinA1) Is a Novel Biomarker for Progression of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

“…Particularly, among patients with a history and at high risk for skin cancer, regular screening is necessary to monitor the recurrence or persistence of the tumors. [1][2][3][4] At present, only a few specific biomarkers for cutaneous SCC have been identified, including STAT3, 44 E-cadherin, 45 and matrix metalloproteinases 13, 46 12, 47 and 7. 6,48 SerpinA1 has been previously suggested as a biomarker for the progression of insulinoma 49 and thyroid cancer.…”

“…[1][2][3] Although early excision of cutaneous SCC is associated with a favorable outcome, for patients with metastatic disease (6%), the long-term prognosis is poor. 4 Important risk factors for cutaneous SCC include exposure to UV radiation, immunosuppression, and chronic skin ulceration. [1][2][3] An example of the latter is individuals with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), who often develop rapidly progressing cutaneous SCCs at sites of chronic ulceration and scarring.…”

Paraben esters: review of recent studies of endocrine toxicity, absorption, esterase and human exposure, and discussion of potential human health risks

“…Non-melanoma skin cancers, including basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, are the most common form of skin cancer, and in 2004, there were at least 72 000 new cases registered in the UK (Of¼ce of National Statistics, London). However, they pose a lower clinical problem than the melanomas due to success rates of early treatment (Neville et al, 2007). By contrast, melanoma has become a major public health problem in many countries and since the 1960s has risen by 3-8% per year in most European countries (Thompson et al, 2005) with an annual incidence rate in the UK in 2004 of 13.0 [age standardized rate (European) per 100 000 population], which is equivalent to 9000 new cases registered in 2004 in the UK (Gavin and Walsh, 2005).…”

Basal Cell Carcinoma

“…When undergoing PDT, patients often complain of stinging, burning, and itching at the site of treatment. Erythema, scaling, and crusting may be evident after treatment, but usually the area heals with no evidence of scarring (Neville et al, 2007). Although one advantage of PDT is that multiple BCC tumors can be treated simultaneously, PDT is a relatively inconvenient treatment option.…”