Malnutrition in the elderly and its effects on bone health – A review

Siddique, Najia; O'Donoghue, Margaret May; Casey, Miriam; Walsh, J.B.

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.06.001

Cited by 20 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…8,9,11 In this review, we apply the term malnutrition according to the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism's definition as undernutrition. 8,12 The prevalence of malnutrition in the elderly population…”

Section: Malnutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The elderly population are at an increased risk of malnutrition due to several risk factors for reduced nutritional intake and body weight that develop throughout the ageing process. 7,9,12,17 The 'anorexia of aging' is a term used to describe the age-related changes that occur as individuals grow older, which reduces their energy intake and increases their likelihood of becoming malnourished. 7,8,10,18 Some of the involved factors include sarcopenia, cachexia, decreased sensory function and changes in the gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Determinants Of Malnutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malnutrition in the elderly

et al. 2019

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Section: Malnutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determinants Of Malnutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition in the elderly

et al. 2019

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“…Nutrition plays a key role in the pathogenesis of frailty, and it is also important in both bone [ 8 ] and muscle health [ 9 ]. However, the complex relationships between osteosarcopenia, nutrition and frailty remain to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition Mediates the Relationship between Osteosarcopenia and Frailty: A Pathway Analysis

et al. 2020

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Osteosarcopenia is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes such as falls and fractures. Its association with frailty is less well-described, particularly in independent community-dwelling older adults. Although nutrition plays a crucial role in maintaining bone and muscle health, the complex relationship between osteosarcopenia and nutrition in the pathogenesis of frailty remains to be elucidated. In this cross-sectional analysis of 230 independent, community-dwelling individuals (mean age 67.2 ± 7.4 years), we examined the associations between osteosarcopenia with nutritional status and frailty, and the mediating role of nutrition in the association between osteosarcopenia and frailty. Osteosarcopenia was defined as fulfilling both the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus definition (low relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass adjusted for height, in the presence of either of either low handgrip strength or slow gait speed) and T-score ≤ −2.5 SD on bone mineral densitometry. We assessed frailty using the modified Fried criteria and nutrition using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment. We performed multiple linear regression, followed by pathway analysis to ascertain whether nutrition mediates the relationship between osteosarcopenia and frailty. Our study population comprised: 27 (11.7%) osteosarcopenic, 35 (15.2%) sarcopenic, 36 (15.7%) osteoporotic and 132 (57.4%) normal (neither osteosarcopenic, sarcopenic nor osteoporotic). Osteosarcopenia (β = 1.1, 95% CI 0.86–1.4) and sarcopenia (β = 1.1, 95% CI 0.90–1.4) were significantly associated with frailty, but not osteoporosis. Nutrition mediated the association between osteosarcopenia and frailty (indirect effect estimate 0.09, bootstrap 95% CI 0.01–0.22). In conclusion, osteosarcopenia is associated with frailty and poorer nutritional status, with nutrition mediating the association between osteosarcopenia and frailty. Our findings support early nutritional assessment and intervention in osteosarcopenia to mitigate the risk of frailty.

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“…Many changes associated with the process of aging increase the prevalence of chronic diseases. Aging is particularly involved in the decline in bone mass and strength leading to osteoporosis, which is the most common bone disease (Siddique, O'Donoghue, Casey, & Walsh, ). According to the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2011, over 2 million Koreans suffer from osteoporosis and over 45% of the population aged 50 years and older has osteopenia with increased risk of osteoporosis (Kim, Kim, & Cho, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone health-promoting bioactive peptides

Ahn

2018

J Food Biochem

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Bioactive peptides, derivatives of proteins, show versatile biological effects and represent potential health-promoting agents as functional food ingredients and/or nutraceuticals. Bone health depends on the balance between bone formation and resorption. When the balance is disrupted, bone diseases such as osteoporosis and fragility fractures may result. Accumulating evidence suggests that peptides derived from endogenous proteins and food proteins enhance bone health.This article reviews the literature on peptides exhibiting bone health-promoting effects. Possible biochemical mechanisms and production of these peptides are briefly discussed.

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Malnutrition in the elderly and its effects on bone health – A review

Cited by 20 publications

References 68 publications

Malnutrition in the elderly

Malnutrition in the elderly

Nutrition Mediates the Relationship between Osteosarcopenia and Frailty: A Pathway Analysis

Bone health-promoting bioactive peptides

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