Malignant neoplasms associated with HIV infection. Problems and solutions (problem outline)

Каприн, А. Д.; Voronin, Evgenii E.; Рассохин, В. В.; Rozenberg, Vladimir V.; Nekrasova, A. V.; Falaleeva, N. A.; Иванов, Сергей Александрович; Гривцова, Л. Ю.

doi:10.26442/18151434.2021.3.201041

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Начиная с 80-90-х годов XX в. зарубежные исследователи указывали на значительное увеличение частоты развития у ВИЧ-инфицированных злокачественных новообразований по сравнению с общей популяцией в целом. Более высокие показатели смертности вследствие онкологического процесса у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов связаны с частой генерализацией опухолевого процесса уже на момент диагностики заболевания, отсутствием возможности проведения адекватной противоопухолевой терапии, осложнениями лечения, а также с прямой взаимосвязью между иммуносупрессией и прогрессированием опухоли [3].…”

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HIV-Associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma and COVID-19 (Сlinical Case)

Козорез,

Стома,

Демчило

et al. 2023

Клиническая Инфектология И Паразитология

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Саркома Капоши (СК) – системное опухолевое многоочаговое заболевание сосудистого генеза с преимущественным поражением кожи, лимфатических узлов и внутренних органов. СПИД-ассоциированная СК чаще встречается у людей с низким уровнем CD4+ лимфоцитов и определяемой вирусной нагрузкой. Локализация на коже является типичной, однако СПИД-ассоциированная СК может поражать практически все внутренние органы. Данные об особенностях влияния COVID-19 на манифестацию и течение оппортунистических инфекций при ВИЧ-инфекции, и в том числе саркомы Капоши, в настоящий момент ограничены. В работе представлено описание клинического случая сочетанного течения двух заболеваний: коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 и ВИЧ-ассоциированной саркомы Капоши. СК у пациентки дебютировала с агрессивного поражения желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ) и легких, а после присоединения COVID-19 молниеносно распространилась на кожные покровы. Поздняя диагностика ВИЧ-инфекции, отсутствие антиретровирусной терапии, выраженная иммуносупрессия способствовали неблагоприятному исходу. Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal neoplasm of lymphatic endothelium-derived cells with a primary lesion of the skin, lymph nodes and internal organs. AIDS-associated KS is more common in people with low CD4+ cell count and detectable viral load. Localization on the skin is typical, but AIDS-associated KS can affect almost all internal organs. Data on the features of the impact of COVID-19 on the manifestation and course of opportunistic infections in HIV infection, including Kaposi’s sarcoma, are currently limited. The work presents the description of a clinical case of a combined course of two diseases: coronavirus infection COVID-19 and HIV-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma. KS in the patient debuted with an aggressive lesion of the gastrointestinal tract and lungs, and after the addition of COVID-19, it quickly spread to the skin. Late diagnosis of HIV infection, lack of antiretroviral therapy, severe immunosuppression contributed to the poor outcome.

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HIV-Associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma and COVID-19 (Сlinical Case)

Козорез,

Стома,

Демчило

et al. 2023

Клиническая Инфектология И Паразитология

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Treatment of oncological and hematological diseases in HIV infection

Lushchevich,

Litvinov

2023

Onkogematologiâ

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Oncological and hematological diseases associated with HIV infection continue to cause discussions among foreign and domestic researchers, clinicians, doctors, medical workers. The ongoing world globalization and modernization, environmental degradation have a detrimental effect on the health of citizens, which can be seen in virus mutations, high morbidity and a decrease in the social level in the Russian Federation and in the world. Oncological and hematological diseases associated with HIV infection are growing in the Russian Federation, but scientists do not stop at the results achieved, improving methods, treatment and therapy. As part of this study a statistical analysis of oncological and hematological diseases associated with HIV infection for 3 years (2019–2021) in Russia is carried out in order to trace the percentage of the medicine’s level, treatment’s effectiveness and deaths. A detailed analysis shows the decrease in deaths from HIV infection which pays attention the work of specialists in the Russian Federation. The purpose of this study is to identify a key method for the treatment of oncological and hematological diseases in HIV infection in Russia. The objective is to study the effectiveness of existing methods of treatment. Research methods – clinical, functional, microbiological and morphological.

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Pathogenetic parallels and clinical relationships of HIV infection and Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Rassokhin,

Nekrasova

2024

VIČ-infekc. immunosupr.

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Aim: to show the importance of the features of the development of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) against the background of HIV infection, possible clinical relationships and consequences of simultaneous diseases in patients, as well as complex therapy. Material and methods. The article presents an analytical review of the problem and retrospective data on 63 patients with HIV[1]associated HL (HIV-HL) who were diagnosed with HL in St. Petersburg hospitals in the period 2000–2017. For the diagnosis of HIV-HL, regulated morphological, immunohistochemical, instrumental and laboratory research methods were used, the tumor stage was determined based on the Cotswolds-modified Ann Arbor classification. The diagnosis of HIV infection was confirmed by the detection of specific antibodies to HIV (and the p24 antigen) during serological and enzyme immunoassay of blood, by immune blotting. The number of copies of HIV RNA and the number of CD4 lymphocytes in the blood of patients were determined using commercial test systems approved for use in the territory of the Russian Federation. The analysis of overall survival was performed using the Kaplan–Meyer method. Statistical processing of the research results was performed using statistical programs MS Excel 2010, GraphPad Prism 8 (GraphPad Software, Inc., USA), SPSS version 22.Results. The study group was dominated by men (73%), the median age was 32 years, in 16 (25.4%) patients HIV and HL were detected simultaneously. The number of CD4 lymphocytes > 500 cl/μl at the HL debut was noted in 33.3% of patients, patients with severe immunosuppression prevailed (50–250 cl/μl in 20 (31.7%), 250–500 cl/μl in 11 (17.5%), less than 50 cl/μl in 11 (17.5%). The amount of HIV RNA>400 kop/ml was noted in 82.5%, HIV infection at stages 4B-5 was detected in 89% of cases, at the time of detection of HL ART was performed in 16 patients. EBV coinfection (77.8%), cytomegalovirus (60%), viral hepatitis (55.6%) with a predominance of viral hepatitis C, common opportunistic infections (tuberculosis, pneumocystis pneumonia, toxoplasmosis of the brain, common candidiasis), simultaneously occurring from 1 to 3 infections were observed in 77.8%. Stage IV HL was established in 54%, III — in 22%, II — in 24% of patients, the presence of B-symptoms was confirmed in 73% of cases. The predominant histological variant of HIV-HL was nodular sclerosis (58 patients), mixed[1]cell sclerosis in 4 patients, with lymphoid predominance in 1 case. Extranodal lesions were observed in 34 (54%), complications of the tumor process in 33 (37.5%) patients. 42 (66.7%) patients received antitumor treatment for HL: line 1 according to the ABVD scheme — 85.7% (80% achieved PET-negative complete remission (CR), according to the VEASORR esc or VEASORR schemes — 33.3%; line 2 — according to the ICE or DHAP schemes (n=10). An objective response was noted in 4 patients, PET-negative response in 2 of them, partial PET-positive regression in 2 patients. Progression was observed in 2 people. Autologous bone marrow transplantation was performed in 2 patients (in partial PET-positive regression); line 3 (n=3) — chemoimmunotherapy with bendamustine, gemcitabine (2 patients underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation). The cumulative life expectancy of patients for 1 year and 2 years was 44% and 37%, respectively, 1-year overall survival was 75%, 2-year — 60%. The factors negatively affecting survival and life expectancy were tumor progression and complications, ECOG≥2 (p=0.0001), candidiasis, pneumonia (p=0.001), viral hepatitis B and C (p=0.045), lack of antitumor treatment and ART (p=0.0001), age younger than 40 years, central nervous system damage, the presence of 1 or more concomitant infections (p=0.024). Conclusion. HIV-HL is one of the most common hematological malignancies, characterized by heterogeneity in its manifestations, polymorphism of pathogenetic and clinical features and relationships. During the dispensary supervision of PLHIV, special attention should be paid to the factors of an unfavorable prognosis of the disease, the timeliness of the appointment of ART and the assessment of the risks of developing lymphoproliferative diseases within the framework of the immune system restoration syndrome (IRIS) in order to increase their survival and quality of life. Further research is needed on the pathogenesis, early diagnosis and effective treatment of lymphomas associated with the human immunodeficiency virus

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Malignant neoplasms associated with HIV infection. Problems and solutions (problem outline)

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

HIV-Associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma and COVID-19 (Сlinical Case)

HIV-Associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma and COVID-19 (Сlinical Case)

Treatment of oncological and hematological diseases in HIV infection

Pathogenetic parallels and clinical relationships of HIV infection and Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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