Male-to-Male Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus — Texas, January 2016

Dt, Deckard; Wm, Chung; Jt, Brooks; Jc, Smith; Woldai, Senait; Hennessey, Morgan; Kwit, Natalie; Mead, Paul S.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6514a3

Cited by 287 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In February 2016, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) received 14 reports of suspected cases of sexual transmission of Zika in the United States; 3 had laboratory confirmation (22) . Confirmation of sexual transmission was also reported by other countries (23) (24) (25) . Recent publications reinforce that ZIKV is excreted in semen (26) (27) (28) .…”

Section: Sexual Transmissionsupporting

confidence: 78%

One year after the Zika virus outbreak in Brazil: from hypotheses to evidence

Brito

Cordeiro

2016

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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In the second quarter of 2015, the association between Zika virus infection and neurological symptoms was confirmed in adults. Moreover, in October 2015 a novel suspicion was raised based on clinical and epidemiological observations: that an association between Zika virus infection and neonatal microcephaly may exist. A year after the first reports on Zika virus in Brazil, many hypotheses and much evidence on the patterns of involvement of the disease and its complications have been produced, both in this country and others; other hypotheses still need to be clarified. This review is a synthesis of a new chapter in the history of medicine; it outlines the main results produced.

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Section: Sexual Transmissionsupporting

confidence: 78%

One year after the Zika virus outbreak in Brazil: from hypotheses to evidence

Brito

Cordeiro

2016

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…To date, ten countries have reported sexual transmission of ZIKV 2 . Partners of either sex, who had not traveled and lived in areas without arthropodborne transmission, developed Zika virus disease (ZVD) after oral, vaginal or anal sex with infected men [3][4][5] . Infection of the partner occurred for up to 41 days after the index infection 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Zika virus persistence in semen

Huits

Smet

Ariën

et al. 2016

Bull. World Health Organ.

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ObjectiveInterim guidelines to prevent sexual transmission of Zika virus (ZIKV) do not recommend diagnostic testing, because the knowledge of viral kinetics in semen after acute infection is limited. We studied the presence and duration of ZIKV in semen after onset of symptoms. MethodsA prospective observational cohort study (NCT 02733796) is ongoing to determine the presence, persistence and kinetics of ZIKV in semen of men with confirmed ZIKV infection after returning from areas with vector-borne transmission. ZIKV RT-PCR is performed in weekly semen samples until ZIKV is no longer detectable. The main endpoint is the proportion of ZIKV positive semen samples over time after acute ZIKV infection. We report preliminary findings after enrolment of the first 4 patients. FindingsSemen of two out of four immunocompetent men with symptomatic ZIKV infection tested positive for ZIKV-RNA by RT-PCR. ZIKV levels in semen declined to undetectable after 68 and 56 days respectively, suggesting elimination of the virus. ConclusionOur findings indicate that presence and persistence of ZIKV in semen after acute infection appear common. Algorithms can be developed that incorporate ZIKV-specific molecular and antibody detection assays and subsequent testing for ZIKV in semen of selected men. We suggest that future guidelines to prevent sexual transmission of ZIKV, adopt diagnostic testing of both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals returning from endemic areas.

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“…So far, male to male 3 , male to female 4,5 and female to male sexual transmission 6 have been documented and up to 11 countries have reported ZIKV sexual transmission. While most cases have been originated from men with previous history of ZIKV symptoms, the virus can also be spread through sexual contact before the symptoms develop and even from asymptomatic ZIKV infections 7 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%