Malaria, HIV and Malnutrition among Internally Displaced People in Mozambique During COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from a Community-Based Intervention

Gennaro, Francesco Di; Segala, Francesco Vladimiro; Ramirez, Lucy; Marotta, Claudia; Santana, Jaime M.; Cotugno, Sergio; Papagni, Roberta; Meneghi, Giovanna De; Vivo, Emanuela De; Braque, Cati; Guelfi, Giorgia; Manhica, Samo; Nunzio, Ilaria Di; Foquisso, Nelson; Opocher, Giacomo; Tognon, Francesca; Saracino, Annalisa; Putoto, Giovanni

doi:10.5334/aogh.3969

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…According to the latest WHO World Mental Health Report [ 26 ], the global prevalence of MD was roughly 1 out of 8 people of all ages, the global prevalence of mental disorders was around 1 in 8 people of all ages, with anxiety and depression also being the most prevalent. Since then, as documented by a systematic review [ 27 ], the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global increase in the prevalence of these mental disorders, influenced by pre-pandemic mental well-being, low-resource settings [ 28 , 29 ], and socio-economic vulnerability [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stigma and mental health among people living with HIV across the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

Di Gennaro,

Papagni,

Segala

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Mental health (MH) is extremely relevant when referring to people living with a chronic disease, such as people living with HIV (PLWH). In fact – although life expectancy and quality have increased since the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) – PLWH carry a high incidence of mental disorders, and this burden has been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this scenario, UNAIDS has set new objectives for 2025, such as the linkage of at least 90% of PLWH to people-centered, context-specific MH services. Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MD in PLWH followed at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases of the University of Bari, Italy. Methods From January 10th to September 10th, 2022, all PLWH patients accessing our outpatient clinic were offered the following standardized tools: HAM-A for anxiety, BDI-II for depression, PC-PTSD-5 for post-traumatic stress disorder, CAGE-AID for alcohol-drug abuse. Factors associated with testing positive to the four MD were explored with a multivariable logistic regression model. Results 578 out of 1110 HIV-patients agreed to receive MH screening, with 141 (24.4%) people resulting positive to at least one MH disorder. HAM-A was positive in 15.8% (n = 91), BDI-II in 18% (n = 104), PC-PTSD-5 in 5% (n = 29) and CAGE in 6.1% (n = 35). The multivariable logistic regression showed a higher probability of being diagnosed with anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder for PLWH who reported severe stigma, social isolation, psychological deterioration during the COVID-19 pandemic and for those receiving a dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimen. Moreover, history of drug use (OR 1.13; [95% CE 1.06–4.35]), family stigma (2.42 [1.65–3.94]) and social isolation (2.72 [1.55;4.84]) were found to be associated to higher risk for substance use disorder. Conclusions In this study, stigma was a strong predictor for being diagnosed of a MH disorder among PLWH. Also, the possible role of dolutegravir as a risk factor for the onset of MH disorders should be considered in clinical practice, and MH of patients receiving DTG-containing regimens should be constantly monitored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stigma and mental health among people living with HIV across the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

Di Gennaro,

Papagni,

Segala

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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“…In low- and middle-income countries, where access to medical care was already limited, the pandemic posed a nearly insurmountable challenge [ 5 , 6 ]. The prevalence of other public health issues, such as malnutrition, malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS, rose to unprecedented levels [ 7 , 8 ]. The case of Peru exemplifies unmet health care needs during the pandemic in the context of a severely unprepared, yet upper-middle-income country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Person and Teleconsultation Services at a National Hospital in Peru: Time Series Analysis of General and Psychiatric Care Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

Villarreal-Zegarra,

García-Serna,

Segovia-Bacilio

et al. 2024

JMIR Ment Health

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to a global reduction in health care accessibility for both infected and noninfected patients, posing a particular burden on those with chronic conditions, including mental health issues. Peru experienced significant devastation from the pandemic, resulting in a collapsed health care system and leading to the world’s highest per capita mortality rate as a result of COVID-19. Understanding the trends in health care utilization, particularly in mental health care, is crucial for informing pandemic response efforts and guiding future recovery strategies. Objective This study aims to analyze the trends of outpatient medical and psychiatric consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic in a national hospital in Peru. Methods This observational study was conducted at a national hospital in Lima, Peru. We analyzed data on user care across all services, including psychiatric services, from May 2019 to December 2022. The data were calculated for users served per month, including the number of users seen monthly in mental health services. Sociodemographic variables such as sex (female or male), age (≥0 years), type of medical appointment (regular or additional), and modality of care (in-person or teleconsultations) were taken into account. An interrupted time series regression model was conducted to assess the number of outpatient medical and psychiatric consultations. Subgroup analyses were performed based on service modality, including overall consultations, telemonitoring/teleconsultations only, or face-to-face only, for all service users and for mental health service users. Results A total of 1,515,439 participants were included, with females comprising 275,444/484,994 (56.80%) of the samples. Only 345,605/1,515,439 (22.81%) visits involved telemedicine. The total monthly outpatient visits were significantly reduced compared with the expected projection (P<.001) at the beginning of the pandemic, followed by a later monthly increment of 298.7 users. Face-to-face interventions experienced a significant reduction at the beginning of the pandemic (P<.001), gradually recovering in the following months. By contrast, telemedicine use initially increased but subsequently declined toward the end of the pandemic. A similar trend was observed in mental health units. Conclusions During the pandemic years, health care utilization in both general and psychiatric services experienced a significant decrease, particularly at the beginning of the pandemic (March 2020). However, no significant trends were observed in either case throughout the pandemic period. Telemedicine consultations witnessed a significant increase overall during this period, particularly among mental health users.

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“…[33, 35] These conditions resulted in substantial population displacement, destruction of infrastructure, and increased risk of infectious disease. [36] These shocks further exacerbated economic disparities within the country. Southern and urban areas experienced less economic impact compared to rural areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Household Hardships during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Manhiça, Mozambique using Data Collected between April 2021 and February 2022

Nhacolo,

Muir,

Madewell

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundCOVID-19 resulted in vast disruption to life in the 21stcentury. To quell the disease spread, national governments implemented several containment measures like state of emergency, curfews, and lockdowns that likely created hardships for households. To improve knowledge of the negative consequences of these lockdowns, we examine the extent to which the pandemic period was associated with hardships at the household level and assess factors associated with household vulnerability to these hardships.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey between April 2021 and February 2022 among households residing in the district of Manhiça through a survey questionnaire fielded in the Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) operating in Manhiça, Mozambique. Logistic regression was used to analyze associations between the head of household and household characteristics with specific household hardships (business closure, food price increase, household member detained, input inflation, job loss).ResultsHouseholds headed by individuals with lower education and employed in non-agricultural occupations as well as households that were larger in size or poorer in asset ownership compared to other households were generally at greater risk of experiencing a larger variety of hardships. Conversely, households that owned “distance demolishing technologies” such as motorcycles were less likely to experience these hardships, presumably as they were able to transcend local conditions.ConclusionsThese results identify at-risk groups according to a social determinants of vulnerability framework and will help inform future policies and practices that aim to mitigate the negative consequences of COVID-19 as well as future disease outbreaks.

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Malaria, HIV and Malnutrition among Internally Displaced People in Mozambique During COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from a Community-Based Intervention

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Stigma and mental health among people living with HIV across the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

Stigma and mental health among people living with HIV across the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

In-Person and Teleconsultation Services at a National Hospital in Peru: Time Series Analysis of General and Psychiatric Care Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

Assessing Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Household Hardships during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Manhiça, Mozambique using Data Collected between April 2021 and February 2022

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