Major histocompatibility complex and kin discrimination in Atlantic salmon and brook trout

Rajakaruna, R. S.; Brown, Joseph A.; Kaukinen, Karia H.; Miller, Kristina M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2006.03113.x

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The first is a self-referent system in which individuals use their own MHC odortype as a template to recognize other individuals as kin 39,43,46,49,50 .The second is familial imprinting where individuals imprint upon the MHC odortypes of kin early in development and afterwards extrapolate the learned MHC signals of kin to other unfamiliar individuals 20,42,75 . The degree to which familial imprinting and self-referent systems identify kin differ remarkably (Figure 1) and only familial imprinting systems can identify kin that do not share odortypes with a focal individual, however the ability to recognize kin that do not share odortypes also allows for the false recognition of unrelated individuals due to imprinting on unrelated odortypes that could occur in mixed litters where odortypes produced by half siblings could be based on haplotypes from an unrelated individual.…”

Section: Mhc As a Signal In Kin Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHC Signaling during Social Communication

Ruff

Nelson

Kubinak

et al. 2012

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been known to play a critical role in immune recognition since the 1950s. It was a surprise, then, in the 1970s when the first report appeared indicating MHC might also function in social signaling and in mate choice. Since this seminal discovery, MHC signaling has been found throughout vertebrates and its known functions have expanded beyond mate choice to include a suite of behaviors from kin-biased cooperation, parent-progeny recognition to pregnancy block. The widespread occurrence of MHC in social signaling has revealed conserved behavioral-genetic mechanisms that span vertebrates and includes humans. The identity of the signal’s chemical constituents and the receptors responsible for the perception of the signal have remained elusive, but recent advances have enabled the identification of the key components of the behavioral circuit. In this chapter we organize recent findings from the literature and discuss them in relation to four non-mutually exclusive models wherein MHC functions as a signal of (i) individuality, (ii) relatedness, (iii) genetic compatibility and (iv) quality. We also synthesize current mechanistic studies, showing how knowledge about the molecular basis of MHC signaling can lead to elegant and informative experimental manipulations. Finally, we discuss current evidence relating to the primordial functions of the MHC, including the possibility that its role in social signaling may be ancestral to its central role in adaptive immunity.

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Section: Mhc As a Signal In Kin Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHC Signaling during Social Communication

Ruff

Nelson

Kubinak

et al. 2012

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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“…The sequences for the guanine cytosine (GC) clamp1 can be found in Deagle et al 2005a while that for GC clamp2 can be found in Rajakaruna et al (2006). Parentheses outline the clamp (cl) in primers that are used both clamped and non-clamped in PCR primer combinations.…”

Section: Species Identification From Archived Salmonidae Hard Parts Umentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of DNA techniques for validating and improving pinniped diet estimates

Tollit

Schulze

Trites

et al. 2009

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. Polymerase chain reaction techniques were developed and applied to identify DNA from .40 species of prey contained in fecal (scat) soft-part matrix collected at terrestrial sites used by Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in British Columbia and the eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Sixty percent more fish and cephalopod prey were identified by morphological analyses of hard parts compared with DNA analysis of soft parts (hard parts identified higher relative proportions of Ammodytes sp., Cottidae, and certain Gadidae). DNA identified 213 prey occurrences, of which 75 (35%) were undetected by hard parts (mainly Salmonidae, Pleuronectidae, Elasmobranchii, and Cephalopoda), and thereby increased species occurrences by 22% overall and species richness in 44% of cases (when comparing 110 scats that amplified prey DNA). Prey composition was identical within only 20% of scats. Overall, diet composition derived from both identification techniques combined did not differ significantly from hard-part identification alone, suggesting that past scat-based diet studies have not missed major dietary components. However, significant differences in relative diet contributions across scats (as identified using the two techniques separately) reflect passage rate differences between hard and soft digesta material and highlight certain hypothesized limitations in conventional morphological-based methods (e.g., differences in resistance to digestion, hard part regurgitation, partial and secondary prey consumption), as well as potential technical issues (e.g., resolution of primer efficiency and sensitivity and scat subsampling protocols). DNA analysis of salmon occurrence (from scat soft-part matrix and 238 archived salmon hard parts) provided species-level taxonomic resolution that could not be obtained by morphological identification and showed that Steller sea lions were primarily consuming pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum (Oncorhynchus keta) salmon. Notably, DNA from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) that likely originated from a distant fish farm was also detected in two scats from one site in the eastern Aleutian Islands. Overall, molecular techniques are valuable for identifying prey in the fecal remains of marine predators. Combining DNA and hard-part identification will effectively alleviate certain predicted biases and will ultimately enhance measures of diet richness, fisheries interactions (especially salmonrelated ones), and the ecological role of pinnipeds and other marine predators, to the benefit of marine wildlife conservationists and fisheries managers.

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“…Indeed, Atlantic salmon, sand lizards, savannah sparrows, mice and humans all show evidence of MHC-disassortative mating preferences (Piertney & Oliver 2006). Furthermore, MHC differences correlate with nepotistic female choice of communal nesting partners (Manning et al 1992) and parentprogeny recognition ( Yamazaki et al 2000) in mice, as well as schooling preferences of salmonids (Olsén et al 1998(Olsén et al , 2002Rajakaruna et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also uniquely determine individuals' odour profiles that facilitate self/non-self social recognition (Manning et al 1992;Penn & Potts 1998b;Yamazaki et al 2000;Penn 2002;Rajakaruna et al 2006) and are discernible even by heterospecifics (Gilbert et al 1986). Therefore, MHC molecules should be able to serve as effective kin-recognition labels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-referent MHC type matching in frog tadpoles

Villinger

Waldman

2008

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Self/non-self recognition mechanisms underlie the development, immunology and social behaviour of virtually all living organisms, from bacteria to humans. Indeed, recognition processes lie at the core of how social cooperation evolved. Much evidence suggests that the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) both facilitates nepotistic interactions and promotes inbreeding avoidance. Social discrimination based on MHC differences has been demonstrated in many vertebrates but whether the labels used in discrimination are directly associated with the MHC, rather than with other genes with which it covaries, has remained problematic. Furthermore, effects of familiarity on natural preferences have not been controlled in most previous studies. Here we show that African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) tadpoles discriminate among familiar full siblings based on MHC haplotype differences. Subjects (NZ261) from four parental crosses preferred siblings with which they shared MHC haplotypes to those with no MHC haplotypes in common. Using only full siblings in experimental tests, we controlled for genetic variation elsewhere in the genome that might influence schooling preferences. As test subjects were equally familiar with stimulus groups, we conclude that tadpole discrimination involves a self-referent genetic recognition mechanism whereby individuals compare their own MHC type with those of conspecifics.

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Major histocompatibility complex and kin discrimination in Atlantic salmon and brook trout

Cited by 32 publications

References 40 publications

MHC Signaling during Social Communication

MHC Signaling during Social Communication

Development and application of DNA techniques for validating and improving pinniped diet estimates

Self-referent MHC type matching in frog tadpoles

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