Majocchi's granuloma after antithymocyte globulin therapy in a liver transplant patient

Gega, Arjet; Ketsela, G.; Glavin, Frederick L.; Soldevilla-Pico, Consuelo; Schain, Denise C.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3062.2009.00454.x

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Other predisposing factors include shaving legs (presumably related to injury of hair follicles) and, thus, the development of tinea. MG is also associated in transplanted patients (the most commonly associated was renal transplant, followed by heart and liver) [14,[27][28][29][30][31] and in cases of idiopathic interstitial lung disease, Behcet's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, bullous pemphigoid, and immunosuppressant therapy; the failure of the mechanism of cell-mediated immunity can be related to AIDS and atopic dermatitis. The association of MG with tinea has been observed in many patients, agreeing on the same etiologic agents.…”

Section: Etiologic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to our experience and the literature research, it is advised to maintain a minimum of 8 weeks in the case of griseofulvin and 6-8 weeks in systemic azoles [13,[67][68][69] and treatment should be continued until all lesions are cleared. Gupta, in 1995 [71], reported the efficacy of terbinafine in the management of MG associated with fungi of the genus Trichophyton, with good antidermatophytic activity, adequate penetration to common sites of dermatophytes (stratum corneum and hair follicle), and reduction of the recurrence at 6 months and few side effects [16,30,72,73].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Majocchi’s Granuloma (Dermatophytic Granuloma): Updated Therapeutic Options

Tirado‐Sánchez

Ponce-Olivera

Bonifáz

2015

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

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Majocchi's granuloma (MG) is a rare, well-recognized, deep skin infection caused by dermatophyte, which can be seen in immunosuppressed as well as immunocompetent individuals. It is primarily caused by dermatophytes, most commonly Trichophyton rubrum; however, occasionally other Trichophyton sp., Trichosporon sp., Aspergillus sp., and Phoma sp. are involved. Diagnosis is based on clinical, mycological, and histological characteristics. This review focuses on clinical characteristics of MG and diagnosis and therapeutic options of MG.

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Section: Etiologic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Majocchi’s Granuloma (Dermatophytic Granuloma): Updated Therapeutic Options

Tirado‐Sánchez

Ponce-Olivera

Bonifáz

2015

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

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“…Since 1987, 28 cases of severe, most often invasive dermatophytosis in solid organ transplant recipients have been published [ 22 , 26 , 27 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Most of these patients were males (20/28), kidney or heart transplant recipients.…”

Section: Underlying Conditions Responsible For Severe Dermatophytsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Dermatophytosis and Acquired or Innate Immunodeficiency: A Review

Rouzaud

Hay

Chosidow

et al. 2015

JoF

105

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Dermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi responsible for benign and common forms of infection worldwide. However, they can lead to rare and severe diseases in immunocompromised patients. Severe forms include extensive and/or invasive dermatophytosis, i.e., deep dermatophytosis and Majocchi’s granuloma. They are reported in immunocompromised hosts with primary (autosomal recessive CARD9 deficiency) or acquired (solid organ transplantation, autoimmune diseases requiring immunosuppressive treatments, HIV infection) immunodeficiencies. The clinical manifestations of the infection are not specific. Lymph node and organ involvement may also occur. Diagnosis requires both mycological and histological findings. There is no consensus on treatment. Systemic antifungal agents such as terbinafine and azoles (itraconazole or posaconazole) are effective. However, long-term outcome and treatment management depend on the site and extent of the infection and the nature of the underlying immunodeficiency.

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“…A total of 22 cases of Majocchi's granuloma in SOT recipients have been reported, including the present case. Details of the demographics, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome are described in Table 1 (8–10, 13–27). Among the cases, 18 (81.8%) were male.…”

Section: Clinical Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Majocchi's granuloma in solid organ transplant recipients

Romero

Deziel

Razonable

2011

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Superficial fungal infections are fairly prevalent in transplant recipients and the incidence increases with more intense graft-conserving immunosuppressive therapy. Majocchi's granuloma is a deep folliculitis caused by dermatophytes that involves deeper layers of the dermis. Only a few case reports of the condition have been documented in transplant recipients. After an extensive review of the medical literature, 21 cases were retrieved and are summarized here, together with a new case that occurred in a recent heart transplant recipient from our institution. This report aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of Majocchi's granuloma in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, with special focus on potential risk factors, offending pathogens, clinical presentation, therapeutic approaches, and outcome. General observations are presented emphasizing the relevance of close clinical and dermatologic follow-up in high-risk SOT patients with specific comments regarding treatment regimens and outcomes.

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Majocchi's granuloma after antithymocyte globulin therapy in a liver transplant patient

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Majocchi’s Granuloma (Dermatophytic Granuloma): Updated Therapeutic Options

Majocchi’s Granuloma (Dermatophytic Granuloma): Updated Therapeutic Options

Severe Dermatophytosis and Acquired or Innate Immunodeficiency: A Review

Majocchi's granuloma in solid organ transplant recipients

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