Magnitude and determinants of computer vision syndrome among college students at a Saudi University

AlDarrab, Abdulrahman; Khojah, Abdulaziz A; Al-Ghazwi, Mohammed H; Alhaqbani, Yazeed Jaber Naji; Al-Qahtani, Naif M; Alajmi, Mohammed; Alenezi, Saad H; Almasoud, Mohammmed K; Al-Yahya, Abdulaziz F

doi:10.4103/meajo.meajo_272_21

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…In this study, respondents with any or a combination of refractive errors had a greater risk of DES than those without refractive errors (p < 0.001). This was consistent with research carried out on Saudi Arabian [32] and Trinidad and Tobago students [33]. Considering that uncorrected refractive errors could lead to ocular discomfort, more frequent DED symptoms among students with these issues may be associated with wrong eyeglasses prescriptions or non-compliance with the recommendation for spectacle correction.…”

Section: Socio-demographical and Clinical Factorssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Extended use of DDTs is considered to be a key risk factor for DED, which has been confirmed by many studies conducted in various study populations [2,37,38], and also in students in other countries [18][19][20]32,33]. DDT use triggers impaired blinking patterns, leading to disturbed meibum distribution and reduced exposure of the eye surface to tear film, which causes ocular surface damage [11,37].…”

Section: Behavioral and Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Responses to every question ranged from 0, which represents "none of the time", to 4, which represents "all of the time". The final score ranges from 0 to 100 (sum of the 12 questions multiplied by 25 and divided by 12, and then rounded to the next integer) with higher scores representing greater disability: normal (0-12), mild (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), moderate (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32), severe . This study adopted the criteria followed by other authors, whereby symptomatic DED is defined as any OSDI score above 12 [13,15].…”

Section: Dry Eye Symptom Questionnaire Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Dry Eye Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors among University Students in Poland

Wróbel-Dudzińska

Osial

Stępień

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Aim: The aim of the study was to demonstrate the prevalence and risk factors of dry eye symptoms (DES) among university students in Poland. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study survey was conducted among 312 Polish university students. The questionnaire consisted of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5) and questions regarding medical history and risk factors. Results: According to the OSDI, more than half of respondents (57.1%) have symptoms of ocular surface disease. Time spent using electronic devices is correlated with scores gathered in both OSDI and DEQ-5 (p < 0.001). There is a statistically significant dependence between psychotropics (p = 0.002), glucocorticosteroids usage (p = 0.026), the presence of depression (p < 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.01) or allergy (p = 0.008) and dry eye symptoms proved in both questionnaires. Respondents with refractive errors and those living in metropolitan areas have a statistically higher symptom intensity(p < 0.022). Stress felt by students is associated with higher DES risk. No correlation between DES and smoking habits was observed. The history of SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with the severity of DES (p = 0.036). Conclusion: Pathogenesis of DES is multifactorial and its severity depends on several factors, both genetic and environmental. Its prevalence among the young population is underestimated. Determining risk factors will enable the implementation of appropriate prophylaxis and early diagnosis.

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Section: Socio-demographical and Clinical Factorssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Behavioral and Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Dry Eye Symptom Questionnaire Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Dry Eye Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors among University Students in Poland

Wróbel-Dudzińska

Osial

Stępień

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…This sample score was 2, which indicates that CVS was not present (as opposed to scores of 8 in AlDarrab et al (2021) and 11 in Seresirikachorn et al (2022) ). But when it occurs, CVS has moderate severity among nursing students, similar to Sah et al (2020) in their study of Indian students; most CVS symptoms were mild ( Sah et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Investigating the Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) Among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Mrayyan,

Alseid,

Ghoolah

et al. 2023

SAGE Open Nursing

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Introduction During the pandemic, health issues associated with using digital devices and exploring social media, such as Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), have increased considerably. Objectives This study looked into CVS and its significance in Jordan and the CVS outcomes of undergraduate nursing students who used digital devices to surf social media during COVID-19. Methods To assess CVS, a quantitative cross-sectional research design was used. Data were collected in 2022 through an online diagnostic and formative survey utilizing the CVS-Questionnaire (CVS-Q) with 310 undergraduate nursing students from a government and a private university in Jordan. Descriptive statistics and the univariate general linear model were used to analyze the collected data. Results To report the prevalence of CVS among the studied sample, the median score was 1.80. The median prevalence score was 24.50 (range = 13–31), and 26.75% of participants reported having intense social media searches. For a student in this study to be diagnosed with CVS, they must receive a score of at least 5, and the current sample score was around 2, indicating they didn’t have a CVS; however, it was moderate when it occurred. About 26.75% of participants reported having problematic social media searches. Back and neck pain and headaches were the typical signs of CVS. The average daily hours spent using digital devices for social media searches increased during the pandemic utilizing mobile phones, especially among male nursing students. Being a junior student with no social media account and unable to balance study and social media were among the predictors of CVS. Most students used protective tools on their digital devices, such as protective films and phone screens, to prevent or accommodate CVS. Conclusion There were no prior collected data about CVS in Jordan, and based on the international trend, the COVID-19 pandemic didn’t directly contribute to the prevalence of CVS. However, when the CVS occurred, it was moderate, which mandates proactive and prophylactic redesigning of our educational system.

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“…The prevalence rate of CVS varies from less than 50% to over 90% according to age, occupation, country, and education. [7][8][9][10][11][12][14][15][16][17][18][19]22,30,[35][36][37][38][39] Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the average daily students' requirements of total screen-hours for online learning and augmented the need for the educational mandated computer system use program. 9,28,30,33,[35][36][37][38][39] Thus, we require more awareness campaigns to increase students' awareness of CVS hazards and protective measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Outcomes of the Screen-Time Reduction in Computer Vision Syndrome: A Cohort Comparative Study

Iqbal¹,

Soliman²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2023

OPTH

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Purpose To analyze the outcomes of screen-time reduction on the foveal responses that associates computer vision syndrome (CVS) using multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) examination. Methods This prospective multicenter cohort comparative study included 49 eyes of 49 medical students divided into two groups. Group A (control group) included 25 eyes with no CVS diagnosis while group B (CVS group) included 24 eyes with CVS diagnosis. All students responded to the valid and reliable CVS-Form 3 (CVS-F3) questionnaire and underwent complete ophthalmic and mfERG examinations twice at the time recruitment in the study and four weeks after strict reduction of the daily screen-hours to ≤1 screen-hour daily to document associated foveal responses. Results We documented statistically significant reduction in foveal responses in CVS versus control groups in mean mfERG Rings 1, 2, and 5 with Quadrants 1, 2, and 4 (P=<0.0001, 0.0001, 0.0003, 0.001, 0.002, and 0.006, respectively). Following the screen-time reduction, the second mfERG examination revealed significant post-reduction improvements in foveal responses in CVS group particularly in mean mfERG Rings 1, 2, 3, and 5 with Quadrants 1 and 4 (P=<0.0001, <0.0001, 0.0005, 0.02, <0.0001, and 0.04, respectively). Conclusion This study documented the screen-induced foveal dysfunction that associates CVS using mfERG examination, which revealed remarkable significant improvements in foveal responses in the 4 weeks following strict screen-time reduction. These improvements were also associated with corresponding improvements in the visual performances. We suggest that the potential screen-induced foveal dysfunction outcomes might be reversible with strict screen-time reduction. We also recommend that educational institutional policies should limit online education-hours and redesign the mandated computer system use program to guard against visual sequelae of CVS. Clinical Trials Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04405648).

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Magnitude and determinants of computer vision syndrome among college students at a Saudi University

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of Dry Eye Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors among University Students in Poland

Prevalence of Dry Eye Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors among University Students in Poland

Investigating the Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) Among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Analysis of the Outcomes of the Screen-Time Reduction in Computer Vision Syndrome: A Cohort Comparative Study

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