Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Organic Compounds Based on Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) is a chemical compound with a form similar to graphene that consists of one-atom-thick two-dimensional layers of sp2-bonded carbon. Graphene oxide exhibits high hydrophilicity and dispersibility. Thus, it is difficult to be separated from aqueous solutions. Therefore, functionalization with magnetic nanoparticles is performed in order to prepare a magnetic GO nanocomposite that combines the sufficient adsorption capacity of graphene oxide and the convenience of magnetic separation. Moreover, the magnetic material can be further functionalized with different groups to prevent aggregation and extends its potential application. Until today, a plethora of magnetic GO hybrid materials have been synthesized and successfully employed for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of organic compounds from environmental, agricultural, biological, and food samples. The developed GO nanocomposites exhibit satisfactory stability in aqueous solutions, as well as sufficient surface area. Thus, they are considered as an alternative to conventional sorbents by enriching the analytical toolbox for the analysis of trace organic compounds.

Phosphorylation of Guar Gum/Magnetite/Chitosan Nanocomposites for Uranium (VI) Sorption and Antibacterial Applications

“…It is thus necessary decreasing the size of the particles to enhance uptake kinetics, at the expense of difficulties in practically processing the sorption operations (more specifically proceeding the solid/liquid separation after sorbent saturation). This problem can be overcome by incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles for improving the ready separation of spent sorbent from treated solution [16,48,[55][56][57][58][59] using external magnetic field.…”

Applications of Graphene-Based Nanomaterials in Environmental Analysis

“…The environmental applications of graphene-based nanomaterials and nanocomposites are classified into two categories: in the extraction and determination of (i) organic pollutants and (ii) metal ions and rare earth elements. Some of the organic compounds that are examined with these materials are Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), estrogens, sulfonamides, chlorophenols and so forth, whilst the second category consists of Hg, Cr(III), Cd, Cr(VI), Au, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb(II), Ce(III), Tl(III) and other [57,58].…”

Recent Advances in the Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Environmental Samples

“…Meanwhile, sample and organic solvent consumption is significantly decreased compared to the classic SPE and LLE formats. Finally, the sorbent separation with a magnet is a simple and rapid process, compared to the time-consuming centrifugation and filtration steps that are required in conventional d-SPE [55][56][57].…”

“…Graphene oxide exhibits high hydrophilicity and dispersibility, as well as good thermal and mechanical stability and high surface area. GO interacts with organic molecules through strong π-stacking, hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding [57].…”