Magnetic resonance imaging-compatible circular mapping catheter: anin vivofeasibility and safety study

Abstract

This new MR-compatible 10-pole catheter appears to be safe and effective. Combining MR and multipolar EP in a single session offers the possibility to correlate substrate information (scar, fibrosis) and EP mapping as well as online monitoring of lesion formation and electrical endpoint.

Safety of active catheters in MRI: Termination impedance versus RF‐induced heating

“…The analytical model in Equations (19)(20)(21) was implemented in MATLAB R2017a (The MathWorks, Natick, MA) to calculate the TF for a cascaded RG174 and the 110 cm-long catheter (ie, micro-coax) completely immersed in lossy medium-the length was chosen to mimic the TF measurements that were later performed in a 110 cm-long setup (see below). This theoretical TF along the 110 cm-long catheter was later used to calculate the deposited energy SAR tip = E scattered 2 ∕2…”

“…The form of the inhomogeneous differential equations Equations (7) and (8) can be solved by the Green's function approach 36 as described in Appendix A. The resulting current, i (z), and the voltage u (z) distributions along the outer conductor of the active catheter are given for an arbitrary tangential incident E field in Equations (19) and (20), respectively.…”

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Thus far, studies on MR safety of active catheters have been limited to experimental setups. [15][16][17][18][19][20] Theoretical approaches on RF-induced heating of conducting wires have only included single conductor wires in the form of a lead terminated by an electrode. [21][22][23][24] Nitz et al 21 proposed a lumped element circuit model of a guidewire that is partly immersed in tissue.…”

Left Atrial Structural Remodelling in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: What Have We Learnt from CMR?

“…Pre-ablation electroanatomic mapping has indeed reduced exposure time; however, using a real-time CMR system would render fluoroscopy unnecessary [8,28]. The requirement of CMR-compatible equipment is being addressed by the development of new devices, such as CMR-compatible lasso catheters [62]. CMR-electrophysiological systems have been tested on animal models and recently 30 patients underwent atrial flutter CMR-guided ablation with satisfactory results [63].…”

Novel and Emerging Tools and Technologies in Cardiac Electrophysiology: What’s on the Horizon in 2020?

“…Of great interest is this system's ability to track catheter movement in real time when combined with a magnetic resonance map of the heart. 4 KODEX-EPD (Philips Healthcare, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) is another novel, nonfluoroscopic, dielectric-based imaging and navigation system that enables 3D real-time visualization of intracardiac catheter placement through shifting voltage and electric field measurements, as electrode-containing catheters move within an electric field produced by disposable body surface patches (Figure 1). Specifically, this system measures the electromagnetic properties of tissue and uses internal and external electrodes to transmit and receive low-amplitude frequencies and phased electrical signals.…”