Magmatic history of the East Rift Zone of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii based on drill core from SOH 1

Quane, Steven L.; Garcia, M. O.; Guillou, Hervé; Hulsebosch, Thomas P.

doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(00)00194-3

Cited by 54 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Geothermal drill holes along Kilauea's east rift have penetrated tholeiite sections 1700 m or more thick (Quane et al, 2000), documenting proximal emplacement of this basalt type at depths nearly to that of the shallowest alkalic pillows on the offshore slope, helping to bracket the shift between compositional stages and suggesting that the change may have been fairly abrupt. Drill-hole samples have ages as old as 351 ± 12 ka by the unspiked K-Ar method (Guillou et al, 1997b), but their reliability has been questioned because of inconsistency with 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates from submarine alkalic rocks and potential for excess Ar and K loss to disturb ages in low-K samples (Calvert and Lanphere, 2006).…”

Section: Age and Volumementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Short-term shallow magma supply at volcanoes like Kilauea has been estimated by combining historical observations, rates measured during eruptions, and intrusion volumes determined from geodetic data (Swanson, 1972;Dzurisin et al, 1984;Dvorak and Dzurisin, 1993;Cayol et al, 2000;Wright and Klein, 2013). Changes in magma supply also have been inferred from lava-accumulation rates at dated stratigraphic sections (e.g., Lipman, 1995;Sharp et al, 1996;Quane et al, 2000), but accumulation rates inevitably vary greatly with distance from vents and relation to local topography.…”

Section: Growth and Magma-supply Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interlayered thin tephra deposits record prolonged intervals of volumetrically minor explosive activity, during which lava eruptions were sparse (Fiske et al, 2009;Swanson et al, 2012). Drill holes along Kilauea's subaerial east rift zone have penetrated similarly uniform tholeiites to depths as great as 1700 m below present sea level (Quane et al, 2000).…”

Section: Kilaueamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling volcano growth on the Island of Hawaii: Deep-water perspectives

Lipman

Calvert

2013

Geosphere

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Recent ocean-bottom geophysical surveys, dredging, and dives, which complement surface data and scientifi c drilling at the Island of Hawaii, document that evolutionary stages during volcano growth are more diverse than previously described. Based on combining available composition, isotopic age, and geologically constrained volume data for each of the component volcanoes, this overview provides the fi rst integrated models for overall growth of any Hawaiian island. In contrast to prior morphologic models for volcano evolution (preshield, shield, postshield), growth increasingly can be tracked by age and volume (magma supply), defi ning waxing alkalic , sustained tholeiitic, and waning alkalic stages. Data and estimates for individual volcanoes are used to model changing magma supply during successive compositional stages, to place limits on volcano life spans, and to interpret composite assembly of the island. Volcano volumes vary by an order of magnitude; peak magma supply also varies sizably among edifi ces but is challenging to quantify because of uncertainty about volcano life spans. Three alternative models are compared: (1) near-constant volcano propagation, (2) near-equal volcano durations, (3) high peak-tholeiite magma supply. These models defi ne inconsistencies with prior geodynamic models, indicate that composite growth at Hawaii peaked ca. 800-400 ka, and demonstrate a lower current rate. Recent age determinations for Kilauea and Kohala defi ne a volcano propagation rate of 8.6 cm/yr that yields plausible inception ages for other volcanoes of the Kea trend. In contrast, a similar propagation rate for the less-constrained Loa trend would require inception of Loihi Seamount in the future and ages that become implausibly large for the older volcanoes. An alternative rate of 10.6 cm/yr for Loa-trend volcanoes is reasonably consistent with ages and volcano spacing, but younger Loa volcanoes are offset from the Kea trend in age-distance plots. Variable magma fl ux at the Island of Hawaii, and longer-term growth of the Hawaiian chain as discrete islands rather than a continuous ridge, may record pulsed magma fl ow in the hotspot/plume source. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar methods to young basalts, especially For permission to copy, contact editing@geosociety.org

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Section: Age and Volumementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Growth and Magma-supply Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Kilaueamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling volcano growth on the Island of Hawaii: Deep-water perspectives

Lipman

Calvert

2013

Geosphere

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“…After another ~100,000 years, the growing volcano reaches the size of Kīlauea volcano (Quane et al, 2000). Vigorous activity persists for another ~700,000 years before the volcano enters the post-shield stage (Fig.…”

Section: Hawaiian Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geology, geochemistry and earthquake history of Lṑihi Seamount, Hawaìi's youngest volcano

et al. 2006

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A half century of investigations are summarized here on the youngest Hawaiian volcano, Lō`ihi Seamount. It was discovered in 1952 following an earthquake swarm. Surveying in 1954 determined it has an elongate shape, which is the meaning of its Hawaiian name. Lō`ihi was mostly forgotten until two earthquake swarms in the 1970's led to a dredging expedition in 1978, which recovered young lavas. This led to numerous expeditions to investigate the geology, geophysics, and geochemistry of this active volcano. Geophysical monitoring, including a realtime submarine observatory that continuously monitored Lō`ihi's seismic activity for three months, captured some of the volcano's earthquake swarms. The 1996 swarm, the largest recorded in Hawai`i, was preceded by at least one eruption and accompanied by the formation of a ~300-m deep pit crater, renewing interest in this submarine volcano. Seismic and petrologic data indicate that magma was stored in a ~8-9 km deep reservoir prior to the 1996 eruption.Studies on Lō`ihi have altered conceptual models for the growth of Hawaiian and other oceanic island volcanoes and led to a refined understanding of mantle plumes. Petrologic and geochemical studies of Lō`ihi lavas showed that the volcano taps a relatively primitive part of the Hawaiian plume, producing a wide range of magma compositions. These compositions have become progressively more silica-saturated with time reflecting higher degrees of partial melting as the volcano drifts towards the center of the hotspot. Seismic and bathymetric data have highlighted the importance of landsliding in the early formation of an ocean island volcano.Lō`ihi's internal structure and eruptive behavior, however, cannot be fully understood without installing monitoring equipment directly on the volcano.

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“…Subaerial flows on the new island are a mixture of pahoehoe and a'a, with a'a becoming more abundant as the island grows in size (Garcia et al, 2007). After another ~100,000 years, the growing volcano may reach the size of Kīlauea volcano (Quane et al 2000). Vigorous activity persists for another ~600,000 years creating giant shield volcanoes.…”

Section: Age and Evolution Of Hawaiian Volcanoesmentioning

confidence: 99%