Lympho-hemopoietic Malignancies in India

Abstract

Available information on lympho-hemopoietic malignancies in India is presented. The incidence of most cancers, including multiple myeloma, lymphomas, and leukemias, is lower compared to that in the West; chronic myelogenous leukemia, however, is higher and the incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is rising. Most cancers occur at a younger age. Higher frequencies of mixed-cellularity Hodgkin's disease, diffuse large-cell NHL and T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia are noted. Most patients present in advanced stages and have poorer prognostic factors. Treatment results are comparable if stagewise distribution and poor prognostic factors are taken into account.

Hematological malignancies diagnosed by bone marrow examination in a tertiary hospital at Uttarakhand, India

“…We found a male preponderance in our study. This has also been reported by Rani S et al [11], Pradhan P et al [8], Bhutani M et al [5], Yeolle B B et al [13], Kushwaha et al [14] and Advani et al [12]. Increased incidence of all leukemias in males seems to arise as males are comparatively more exposed to occupational and environmental carcinogens as has been suggested by Bhutani M et al [5].…”

“…Myeloid leukemias have been reported as being more common also by Pradhan PK et al [8], Rani S et al [11], Bhutani M et al [5] and Yeolle BB et al [13]. The fact that we got more cases of AML than CML in our study may be explained by the fact that Bone Marrow Examination was the basis of case collection in our study and some cases of CML diagnosed only on peripheral smear might have been missed.…”

“…Brown LM et al [4] also reported a high incidence of multiple myeloma among Afro Americans in the USA and suggested a genetic predisposition. Bhutani M et al [5] have compiled information on hematological malignancies in India and have reported that multiple myeloma in young individuals (<40 years) is higher in India (12%) than in the west. They have also reported that in India all hematological malignancies are commonest in Delhi followed by Mumbai.…”

“…However RA Tasleem et al [24] have reported lymphoma only in 2/318 bone marrow examinations. Bhutani et al [5] have reported that occurrence rates of lymphomas are highest in the United States, Europe and Australia and the lowest rates are seen in Asia.…”

Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Demographic Features and Frequency of Various Subtypes in Adult Age Group

“…7,8 This was also comparable to studies conducted in India where median age was 30 years and in Bangladesh where median age was 35 years. 9,10 However when mean age was compared with studies conducted in western countries, there was difference in the mean age at presentation. In Western countries, AML generally affects older people with a median age of 65-67 years.…”