Lupus Erythematosus: Serologic and Chemical Aspects

Rein, Charles R.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1950.01530130016004

Cited by 33 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It is common that SLE patients have high levels of total serum protein and globulin and low levels of the albumin/globulin ratio [43–45]. In the present study, the MRL/lpr mice showed a rise in globulin production and resulted in the reversal ratio of the albumin/globulin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Naja naja atra Venom Protects against Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in MRL/lpr Mice

Zhu

Cui

Kou

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease and effective therapy for this pathology is currently unavailable. We previously reported that oral administration of Naja naja atra venom (NNAV) had anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory actions. We speculated that NNAV may have therapeutic effects in MRL/lpr SLE mice. Twelve-week-old MRL/lpr mice received oral administration of NNAV (20, 40, and 80 μg/kg) or Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosidium (10 mg/kg) daily for 16 weeks. The effects of NNAV on SLE manifestations, including skin erythema, proteinuria, and anxiety-like behaviors, were assessed with visual inspection and Multistix 8 SG strips and open field test, respectively. The pathology of spleen and kidney was examined with H&E staining. The changes in autoimmune antibodies and cytokines were determined with ELISA kits. The results showed that NNAV protected against the manifestation of SLE, including skin erythema and proteinuria. In addition, although no apparent histological change was found in liver and heart in MRL/lpr SLE mice, NNAV reduced the levels of glutamate pyruvate transaminase and creatine kinase. Furthermore, NNAV increased serum C3 and reduced concentrations of circulating globulin, anti-dsDNA antibody, and inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. NNAV also reduced lymphadenopathy and renal injury. These results suggest that NNAV may have therapeutic values in the treatment of SLE by inhibiting autoimmune responses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Naja naja atra Venom Protects against Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in MRL/lpr Mice

Zhu

Cui

Kou

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Along with the LAC phenomenon finding, the association of false-positive syphilis testing in patients with other infectious and autoimmune diseases drew attention [11][12][13]. It was estimated that up to 20% of patients with SLE had positive serological syphilis testing without history or clinical signs of syphilis [13].…”

Section: Historical Perspective Into Antiphospholipid Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Diagnosis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Insights and Hindrances

Vandevelde

Devreese

2022

JCM

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Diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) requires the presence of a clinical criterion (thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity), combined with persistently circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Currently, laboratory criteria aPL consist of lupus anticoagulant (LAC), anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) IgG/IgM, and anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI) IgG/IgM. Diagnosis and risk stratification of APS are complex and efforts to standardize and optimize laboratory tests have been ongoing since the initial description of the syndrome. LAC detection is based on functional coagulation assays, while aCL and aβ2GPI are measured with immunological solid-phase assays. LAC assays are especially prone to interference by anticoagulation therapy, but strategies to circumvent this interference are promising. Alternative techniques such as thrombin generation for LAC detection and to estimate LAC pathogenicity have been suggested, but are not applicable yet in routine setting. For aCL and aβ2GPI, a lot of different assays and detection techniques such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent and chemiluminescent assays are available. Furthermore, a lack of universal calibrators or standards results in high variability between the different solid-phase assays. Other non-criteria aPL such as anti-domain I β2 glycoprotein I and antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies have been suggested for risk stratification purposes in APS, while their added value to diagnostic criteria seems limited. In this review, we will describe laboratory assays for diagnostic and risk evaluation in APS, integrating applicable guidelines and classification criteria. Current insights and hindrances are addressed with respect to both laboratory and clinical implications.

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“…The Wassermann test for syphilis was invented in 1906 and quickly gained popularity. It was shown that some diseases gave false positive results [60]. In 1909 and 1910, cases of SLE were reported in Germany that had given false positives for syphilis [61].…”

Section: Neoclassical Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

The History of Lupus Erythematosus and Discoid Lupus: FromHippocrates to the Present

Norman¹

2016

Lupus Open Access

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Lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that affects primarily women and whose cause is unknown. The diagnosis arises from a patient that may show singular signs or signs of a multisystem disease; there is a presence of autoantibodies, and other diseases with similar properties are ruled out. Two main forms of the disease exist; the discoid and the disseminated forms. Hippocrates was the first to document symptoms consistent with that of lupus erythematosus in the year 400 BC. Many physicians have studied and added to the current day knowledge of lupus erythematosus. The history of lupus erythematosus is divided into three categories: the classical period, the neoclassical period, and the modern period. Each period is marked with important discoveries that have allowed a better understanding of this disease.

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Lupus Erythematosus: Serologic and Chemical Aspects

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Naja naja atra Venom Protects against Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in MRL/lpr Mice

Naja naja atra Venom Protects against Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in MRL/lpr Mice

Laboratory Diagnosis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Insights and Hindrances

The History of Lupus Erythematosus and Discoid Lupus: FromHippocrates to the Present

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