Luminescent quantum-dot-sized conjugated polymernanoparticles—nanoparticle formation in a miniemulsion system

Hashim, Zeina; Howes, Philip D.; Green, Mark

doi:10.1039/c0jm02935a

Cited by 60 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Also, the zeta potential of the fabricated Pdots was −28 mV, indicating relatively low colloidal stability. Hashim et al 24. fabricated the smallest Pdots reported so far using polyphenylenevinylene, polyphenyleneethynylene and PFBT derivatives, with the diameters in the range of 3–5 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling photophysical properties of ultrasmall conjugated polymer nanoparticles through polymer chain packing

2017

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Applications of conjugated polymer nanoparticles (Pdots) for imaging and sensing depend on their size, fluorescence brightness and intraparticle energy transfer. The molecular design of conjugated polymers (CPs) has been the main focus of the development of Pdots. Here we demonstrate that proper control of the physical interactions between the chains is as critical as the molecular design. The unique design of twisted CPs and fine-tuning of the reprecipitation conditions allow us to fabricate ultrasmall (3.0–4.5 nm) Pdots with excellent photostability. Extensive photophysical and structural characterization reveals the essential role played by the packing of the polymer chains in the particles in the intraparticle spatial alignment of the emitting sites, which regulate the fluorescence brightness and the intraparticle energy migration efficiency. Our findings enhance understanding of the relationship between chain interactions and the photophysical properties of CP nanomaterials, providing a framework for designing and fabricating functional Pdots for imaging applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling photophysical properties of ultrasmall conjugated polymer nanoparticles through polymer chain packing

2017

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“…[100] More recently, several types of small nanoparticles with average diameters of 2 to 5 nm were obtained using a similar preparation method and precursor solutions. [101] However, the procedure and parameters need to be further optimized because the yield of this preparation appears to be very low, and can be a significant disadvantage for a reliable preparation method.…”

Section: Properties and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Fluorescent Semiconducting Polymer Dots for Biology and Medicine

2013

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In recent years, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention because of their outstanding characteristics as fluorescent probes. These nanoparticles, which primarily consist of π-conjugated polymers and are called polymer dots (Pdots) when they exhibit small particle size and high brightness, have demonstrated utility in a wide range of applications such as fluorescence imaging and biosensing. In this review, we summarize recent findings of the photophysical properties of Pdots which speak to the merits of these entities as fluorescent labels. This review also highlights the surface functionalization and biomolecular conjugation of Pdots, and their applications in cellular labeling, in vivo imaging, single-particle tracking, biosensing, and drug delivery. We discuss the relationship between the physical properties and performance, and evaluate the merits and limitations of the Pdot probes for certain imaging tasks and fluorescence assays. We also tackle the current challenges of Pdots and share our perspective on the future directions of the field.

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“…Thus, the particles exhibit a mild anionic surface charge and contain sulfate groups on the particle surface. Poly [(9,9-di-noctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-(benzo [2,1,3] thiadiazol-4,8-diyl)] (F8BT; M n : 10 000−20 000 g mol −1 ) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS; M w : 288 g mol −1 ; HLB: 40) were from Sigma-Aldrich, UK. Solutol HS 15 (M w : ∼960 g mol −1 ; HLB: 14−16) was from BASF, UK.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Chemistry of Photoluminescent F8BT Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles Determines Protein Corona Formation and Internalization by Phagocytic Cells

et al. 2015

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Conjugated polymer nanoparticles are being developed for a variety of diagnostic and theranostic applications. The conjugated polymer, F8BT, a polyfluorene derivative, was used as a model system to examine the biological behavior of conjugated polymer nanoparticle formulations stabilized with ionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate; F8BT-SDS; ∼207 nm; -31 mV) and nonionic (pegylated 12-hydroxystearate; F8BT-PEG; ∼175 nm; -5 mV) surfactants, and compared with polystyrene nanoparticles of a similar size (PS200; ∼217 nm; -40 mV). F8BT nanoparticles were as hydrophobic as PS200 (hydrophobic interaction chromatography index value: 0.96) and showed evidence of protein corona formation after incubation with serum-containing medium; however, unlike polystyrene, F8BT nanoparticles did not enrich specific proteins onto the nanoparticle surface. J774A.1 macrophage cells internalized approximately ∼20% and ∼60% of the F8BT-SDS and PS200 delivered dose (calculated by the ISDD model) in serum-supplemented and serum-free conditions, respectively, while cell association of F8BT-PEG was minimal (<5% of the delivered dose). F8BT-PEG, however, was more cytotoxic (IC50 4.5 μg cm(-2)) than F8BT-SDS or PS200. The study results highlight that F8BT surface chemistry influences the composition of the protein corona, while the properties of the conjugated polymer nanoparticle surfactant stabilizer used determine particle internalization and biocompatibility profile.

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Luminescent quantum-dot-sized conjugated polymernanoparticles—nanoparticle formation in a miniemulsion system

Cited by 60 publications

References 48 publications

Controlling photophysical properties of ultrasmall conjugated polymer nanoparticles through polymer chain packing

Controlling photophysical properties of ultrasmall conjugated polymer nanoparticles through polymer chain packing

Highly Fluorescent Semiconducting Polymer Dots for Biology and Medicine

Surface Chemistry of Photoluminescent F8BT Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles Determines Protein Corona Formation and Internalization by Phagocytic Cells

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