“…Other analytes in the biomedical sector include lactate (Kurita et al, 2006;C.Y. Li et al, 2010a), cholesterol (Aravamudhan et al, 2007;Wisitsoraat et al, 2010) and renal markers such as urea Malecha et al, 2009), creatinine (Satoh et al, 2008;Suzuki and Matsugi, 2005), alanine aminotransferase (Song et al, 2009) or glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase . In food and environmental monitoring, enzymatic biosensing systems have been developed for the detection of fructose (Atalay et al, 2012), lactose in milk (Fornera et al, 2012;Ito et al, 2011), pesticide residues in vegetable and soil samples (Duford et al, 2013) or hypoxanthine to determine the freshness of fish meat (Dolmaci et al, 2012;Lawal and Adeloju, 2010).…”