<p>Prevalence of Hypertensive Emergency and Associated Factors Among Hospitalized Patients with Hypertensive Crisis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Abstract

Background: Hypertensive emergency (HE) is an acute stage of uncontrolled blood pressure which poses a substantial cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In our setting, the prevalence of HE and the characteristics of patients with a hypertensive crisis are not certainly known yet. Objective: The study assessed the prevalence of hypertensive emergency and associated factors among hospitalized patients with hypertensive crisis. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing records of patients having a diagnosis of hypertensive crisis with systolic/diastolic blood pressure raised to more than 180/120 mmHg admitted to Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (ACSH) from September 2018 to August 2019. Patients' medical records with complete information were enrolled consecutively. Socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, and other related variables were collected using a structured data collection tool from patient medical records. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Logistic regression was employed to determine factors associated with HE. Results: A total of 141 patients' records with a diagnosis of a hypertensive crisis were enrolled in the study; the majority were females 77 (54.6%) and residing in the urban setting 104 (73.8%). The mean age of the participants was 58.8 years. HE was found in 42 (29.8%) of patients. Intravenous Hydralazine 39 (27.7%) and oral calcium channel blocker 102 (72.3%) were the prescribed drugs for acute blood pressure reduction in the emergency setting. Surprisingly, patients who had no history of hypertension (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.469; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.176-0.933) and female sex (AOR=2.494; 95% CI: 1.111-5.596) were found to be independently associated factors with HE. Conclusion: The prevalence of HE was found to account a significant proportion of patients. Hence, hypertensive patients should be strictly managed accordingly, and promoting screening programs could reduce the risk of target organ damage.

In‐hospital outcomes of patients with a hypertensive emergency at a medical center, Ethiopia: A prospective observational study

“…In Africa, including SSA, data on in‐hospital, as well as the long‐term, outcomes of HE are limited 22,23 . In Ethiopia, uncontrolled BP is increasing with an estimated pooled prevalence of 48% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 36–61) 24 and it is as high as 57.2% at the Jimma Medical Center (JMC), 25 which increases hypertensive‐related organ damages and mortality 26,27 . Despite an increment in the prevalence of uncontrolled BP in Ethiopia, only a few studies reported admission outcomes of HE 11,26 .…”

“…22,23 In Ethiopia, uncontrolled BP is increasing with an estimated pooled prevalence of 48% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 36-61) 24 and it is as high as 57.2% at the Jimma Medical Center (JMC), 25 which increases hypertensive-related organ damages and mortality. 26,27 Despite an increment in the prevalence of uncontrolled BP in Ethiopia, only a few studies reported admission outcomes of HE. 11,26 Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate in-hospital mortality and its associated factors of HE.…”

Hypertensive Emergencies in the Ambulance: Characteristics, Clinical Presentations and Complications – A Prospective Cohort Study

“…In chest pain is the most frequent clinical presentation of hypertensive emergency, 4 others conveyed dyspnea as the commonest clinical presentation of hypertensive emergency. 8,[14][15][16] Grasping Hypertensive emergency clinical context is crucial for its recognition. Our result helped in clarifying hypertensive emergency clinical context.…”

Russian Medical Society for Arterial Hypertension Expert Consensus: Hypertension and COVID-19

“…На пике лихорадки повышение АД является следствием спазма периферических сосудов, а в период критического падения температуры за счет вазодилатации, повышенного диуреза АД снижается и может привести к возникновению гипотонии вплоть до коллапса. Выраженные неконтролируемые колебания АД ассоциируются с высоким риском развития сердечно-сосудистых осложнений (ССО) у пациентов с АГ, в первую очередь инсульта и острого коронарного синдрома [48]. В настоящее время известно, что течение COVID-19 может сопровождаться гипертермией от субфебрильных до гиперпиретических цифр.…”