<p>Polymorphism Of The <em>APM1</em> Gene In Subjects With Central Obesity Related To Lower High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol</p>

Abstract

BackgroundCentral obesity is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Subjects with central obesity have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Many conditions affect the prevalence of central obesity, including energy expenditure, aging, proinflammatory conditions, and hormonal, genetic, and ethnic differences. Polymorphism of the APM1 gene, encoding the protein adiponectin, is closely related to metabolic syndrome. Adiponectin influences fatty acid oxidation and glucose intake in muscle. Therefore, variation in the APM1 gene is associated with diabetes and obesity.PurposeThe aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the APM1 SNP rs2241766 with body mass index (BMI) and lipid profiles in Indonesian (Bandung) subjects.Patients and methodsGenotyping of the APM1 gene was performed using the Amplification Refractory Mutation System. Whole blood and serum of 54 subjects with central obesity (waist circumference [WC] ≥90 cm) and 53 healthy subjects (WC <90 cm) were collected. Measurements of the lipid profile (low-density lipoprotein [LDL], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and total cholesterol [TC]) and BMI were examined.ResultsThe TT and GT genotype were observed (no GG genotype) in all subjects. The TC, LDL, fasting blood glucose, and BMI did not show a significant correlation between genotype variations of APM1 with central obesity. Otherwise, subjects with central obesity with the TT genotype had lower HDL levels than those with the GT genotype (p = 0.014, significant OR 1.045; 95% CI).ConclusionThis finding suggests that the T allele of the APM1 SNP rs2241766 is dominant in the Bandung population, and subjects with the homozygous TT genotype have a higher incidence of metabolic disorder.

Heart failure in patients with metabolic syndrome X

“…The homozygous TT genotype of the aminopeptidase M1 (apM1) gene, which was identified in abundance in adipose tissue, was linked to a greater risk of metabolic syndrome. Adiponectin, a protein that resembles collagen, was also encoded by the apM1 gene 28 . Persistent activation of the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system were the processes involved in metabolic syndrome 29 .…”

Genetics of Cholesterol-Related Genes in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Current Evidence

“…It is encoded by the Adipose Most Abundant Gene Transcript 1 (APM1) gene. An abnormal adiponectin secretion could be affected by single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the APM1 gene, in which the most commonly studied SNPs in the APM1 gene are rs2241766 (T45G) and rs1501299 (G276T) [ 110 ]. Table 6 summarizes the relationship of adiponectin and its polymorphism with hyperglycemia.…”

Metabolic syndrome and heart failure: mechanism and management

“…Beside PAI-1, aminopeptidase M1 (apM-1) was another gene that was found abundantly in adipose tissue and its homozygous TT genotype was associated with a higher incidence of MetS. Furthermore, apM-1 gene encoded collagen-like protein that was called adiponectin [ 16 ]. Adiponectin was negatively correlated with BMI and the correlation between adiponectin level was stronger with visceral adiposity than subcutaneous adiposity.…”