<p>Knockdown of lncRNA TUG1 Enhances Radiosensitivity of Prostate Cancer via the TUG1/miR-139-5p/SMC1A Axis</p>

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system in males. LncRNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) has been verified to play a crucial role in progression and prognosis of PCa. However, the functional mechanism of TUG1 remains unclear with radiosensitivity of PCa. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to measure the transcription levels of genes. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry analysis were employed to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Moreover, colony formation assay was used to measure colony survival. Western blot was performed to detect the relative proteins expression. The interaction among variables was predicted by online tool starbase, and then confirmed using the dual luciferase reporter assay. A xenograft mouse model was constructed to investigate the effect of TUG1 on tumor growth in vivo. Results: The levels of lncRNA TUG1 and SMC1A were remarkably increased, while miR-139-5p was downregulated in PCa. Patients with high expression of TUG1 showed a lower survival rate and poor prognosis. Knockdown of TUG1 inhibited PCa cell proliferation and colony survival fraction, and promoted apoptosis. Downregulation of miR-139-5p reversed the effects of TUG1 deletion on proliferation, apoptosis and colony survival fraction in PCa cells treated with 4 Gy of X-ray radiation. Moreover, TUG1 sponged miR-139-5p to regulate SMC1A expression. SMC1A deletion blocked the effects of TUG1 on the progression of PCa cells treated with 4 Gy of X-ray radiation. The tumor volume and weight were illustriously reduced with radiation and TUG1 silencing in xenograft model. Conclusion: Knockdown of lncRNA TUG1 enhanced radiosensitivity in PCa via the TUG1/ miR-139-5p/SMC1A axis. It may become a promising target for PCa treatment.

Exosomal microRNA‐139‐5p from mesenchymal stem cells accelerates trophoblast cell invasion and migration by motivation of the ERK/MMP‐2 pathway via downregulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase

“…10 microRNA-139-5p (miR-139-5p) is positioned in the human chromosome 11q13.4 region, 11 which has been recognized as a tumorconquering miRNA due to its downregulation in numerous types of tumor, such as non-small cell lung, prostate and breast cancers. [12][13][14] Interestingly, a study uncovered the function of miR-139-5p in trophoblasts by regulating soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 in PE. 15 Moreover, decreased exosomal miR-139-3p expression in plasma of the patients with colorectal cancer has the potency to serve as a novel biomarker for the early diagnosis and metastasis monitoring.…”

The molecular mechanisms of the long noncoding RNA SBF2-AS1 in regulating the proliferation of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

“…These RNAs are involved in many disease processes 21 and participate in the occurrence and development of many kinds of malignant tumours and drug resistance in many malignant tumour types. LncRNAs regulate the occurrence and development of many kinds of malignant tumours, such as rectal cancer 22 , gastric cancer 23 , lung cancer 24 , cervical cancer 25 and prostate cancer 26 .The lncRNA SBF2-AS1 is also involved in the formation of a variety of tumours [27][28][29] . Many lncRNAs have been demonstrated to be related to the occurrence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and many lncRNAs can cause a poor prognosis in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma 30 .…”

Long and short non-coding RNA and radiation response: a review

“…44 In a prostate cancer model, Xiu et al described an upregulation of TUG1, downregulation of target miR-139-5p, and an upregulation of downstream target SMCA1. 45 Again, knockdown of TUG1 enhanced radiosensitivity by decreasing the expression of downstream target SMCA1. Together, these studies demonstrate the importance of TUG1 in the radiation response and its potential as a molecular target for radiosensitization.…”

“…TUG1 has been shown to sponge miR-139-5p 44 and target the mRNA HMGB1 45 to increase radioresistance. GAS5 has been shown to sponge miR-106b 46 and miR-205-5p.…”