Lower Rhine historical flood magnitudes of the last 450years reproduced from grain-size measurements of flood deposits using End Member Modelling

Toonen, W.H.J.; Winkels, T.G.; Cohen, K.M.; Prins, Maarten A.; Middelkoop, H.

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2014.12.004

Cited by 100 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…7) for the linear relation between flood intensity and GEV-parameter values. Extreme floods occurred in 1374, 1497, 1595, 1651, and 1658; estimates on the magnitudes of these floods were taken from independent historical flood reconstructions (Herget and Euler, 2010;Toonen et al, 2015). Within a 101-year window around these events, historical GEV-parameters were established based on the regression of flood intensities and GEV-parameters from 1876-1962, which represent a similar flood-intense period with the large 1926 flood, and producing high values of l and low values of r and n (cluster 'high' in Fig.…”

Section: Discharge Data Generation From Historical Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood frequency analysis and discussion of non-stationarity of the Lower Rhine flooding regime (AD 1350–2011): Using discharge data, water level measurements, and historical records

Toonen

2015

Journal of Hydrology

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110

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Section: Discharge Data Generation From Historical Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood frequency analysis and discussion of non-stationarity of the Lower Rhine flooding regime (AD 1350–2011): Using discharge data, water level measurements, and historical records

Toonen

2015

Journal of Hydrology

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110

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“…Therefore, grain-size characteristics preserved in sedimentary archives in combination with discharge measurements have been conventionally used as effectively tracing proxies to infer the timing, frequency, and magnitude of historical floods (Draut and Rubin, 2013;Schillereff et al, 2014). Coarser-grained laminations preserved in sedimentary archives are indicative of the occurrence of historical floods based on the theory that fluvial discharge with higher hydrodynamic energy is capable of mobilizing and transporting coarser particles, leading to the concomitant sedimentation of coarser particles in fluvial depressions and stores (Toonen et al, 2015).…”

Section: The Potential Of Absolute Grain-size Seasonality For Stratigmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow regulation manipulates contemporary seasonal sedimentary dynamics in the reservoir fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China

Tang

Bao

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

103

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• Hydrological regime in the reservoir fluctuation zone has been significantly altered.• Grain-size variations are diagnostic for sedimentary stratigraphy differentiation.• Post-dam sedimentation processes were reproduced by chronology determination.• Regular flow regulation controls contemporary seasonal sedimentary dynamics. Since the launch of the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River, a distinctive reservoir fluctuation zone has been created and significantly modified by regular dam operations. Sediment redistribution within this artificial landscape differs substantially from that in natural fluvial riparian zones, due to a specific hydrological regime comprising steps of water impoundment with increasing magnitudes and seasonal water level fluctuation holding a range of sediment fluxes. This study reinterpreted post-dam sedimentary dynamics in the reservoir fluctuation zone by stratigraphy determination of a 345-cm long sediment core, and related it to impact of the hydrological regime. Seasonality in absolute grain-size composition of suspended sediment was applied as a methodological basis for stratigraphic differentiation. Sedimentary laminations with relatively higher proportions of sandy fractions were ascribed to sedimentation during the dry season when proximal subsurface bank erosion dominates source contributions, while stratigraphy with a lower proportion of sandy fractions is possibly contributed by sedimentation during the wet season when distal upstream surface erosion prevails. Chronology determination revealed non-linear and high annual sedimentation rates ranging from 21.7 to 152.1 cm/yr. Although channel geomorphology may primarily determine the spatial extent of sedimentation, seasonal sedimentary dynamics was predominantly governed by the frequency, magnitude, and duration of flooding. Summer inundation by G R A P H I C A L A B S T R A C T a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Contents lists available at ScienceDirectScience of the Total Environment j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / s c i t o t e n v natural floods with enhanced sediment loads produced from upstream basins induced higher sedimentation rates than water impoundment during the dry season when distal sediment supply was limited. We thus conclude that flow regulation manipulates contemporary seasonal sedimentary dynamics in the reservoir fluctuation zone, though little impact on total sediment retention rate was detected. Ongoing reductions in flow and sediment supply under human disturbance may have profound implications in affecting sedimentary equilibrium in the reservoir fluctuation zone. The results herein provide insights of how big dams have disrupted the sediment conveyance processes of large scale fluvial systems.

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“…They correspond 15 to fine sediments (silt) with sorting and depth are not correlated. These have been deposited on the left bank of the Bauerngrundwasser in low turbulence conditions likely due to site-specific factors such as topography or vegetation, whose general importance has been underlined by Toonen et al (2015), Bravard et al (2014) and Riquier et al (2015). Such kind of depositional filling processes in newly bypassed channels have also been documented by Bravard and Peiry (1999) and Passega (1964Passega ( , 1977.…”

Section: Lateral Channel Adjustments and Filling Processesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Long-term river trajectories to enhance restoration efficiency and sustainability on the Upper Rhine: an interdisciplinary study (Rohrschollen Island, France)

Eschbach

Schmitt

Imfeld

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. While the history of a fluvial hydrosystem can provide essential knowledge on present functioning, historical context remains rarely considered in river restoration. Here we show the relevance of an interdisciplinary study for improving 15 restoration within the framework of a European LIFE+ project on the French side of the Upper-Rhine (Rohrschollen Island).Planimetric evolution combined with historical high flow data enabled to reconstruct pre-disturbance hydromorphological functioning and major changes that occurred on the reach. A deposition frequency assessment combining vertical evolution of the Rhine thalweg, chronology of deposits in the floodplain and a hydrological model revealed that the period of vertical incision in the main channel corresponded to high rates of narrowing and lateral channel filling. The analysis of filling 20 processes by Passega diagram and IRLS dating highlight that periods of engineering works were closely related to fine sediment deposition, which present also concomitant heavy metal accumulation. In fact, current fluvial forms, processes and sediment chemistry around the Rohrschollen Island directly reflect the disturbances that occurred during past correction works, and up to today. Our results underscore the advantage of combining functional restoration with detailed knowledge of pasttrajectory to: (i) understand the functioning of the hydrosystem prior anthropogenic disturbances, (ii) characterize the human-25 driven morphodynamic adjustments during the two last centuries, (iii) characterize physio-chemical sediment properties to trace anthropogenic activities and evaluate the potential impact of the restoration on pollutant remobilization, (iv) deduce postrestoration evolution and (v) evaluate efficiency and sustainability of the restoration effects. We anticipate our approach to expand the toolbox of decision-makers and help orientating functional restoration actions in the future.

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Lower Rhine historical flood magnitudes of the last 450years reproduced from grain-size measurements of flood deposits using End Member Modelling

Cited by 100 publications

References 32 publications

Flood frequency analysis and discussion of non-stationarity of the Lower Rhine flooding regime (AD 1350–2011): Using discharge data, water level measurements, and historical records

Flood frequency analysis and discussion of non-stationarity of the Lower Rhine flooding regime (AD 1350–2011): Using discharge data, water level measurements, and historical records

Flow regulation manipulates contemporary seasonal sedimentary dynamics in the reservoir fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China

Long-term river trajectories to enhance restoration efficiency and sustainability on the Upper Rhine: an interdisciplinary study (Rohrschollen Island, France)

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