Lower extremity muscle structure in incomplete spinal cord injury: a comparison between ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging

Smith, Andrew C.; Jakubowski, Kristen L.; Wasielewski, Marie; Lee, Sabrina Sm; Elliott, James M.

doi:10.1038/scsandc.2017.4

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In our experimental paradigm, correlation between MG thickness and MRI-derived muscle volume (regarded as the gold-standard) robustly demonstrates the ability to accurately determine muscle size by U/S, similar to that in previous studies (Smith et al, 2017;Franchi et al, 2018). However, while TA and MG thickness and CSA have previously been linked (Smith et al, 2017), it is important to note the absence of correlation between TA volume and thickness in this study. This is likely due to the longer geometric shape and a smaller more consistent CSA of TA compared to MG (Fukunaga et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Use of U/S to conveniently and accurately quantify muscle mass ( Reeves et al, 2004 ) has become a ubiquitous tool to investigate muscle adaptation in health and disease ( de Boer et al, 2008 ; Nijholt et al, 2017 ; Franchi et al, 2018 ). In our experimental paradigm, correlation between MG thickness and MRI-derived muscle volume (regarded as the gold-standard) robustly demonstrates the ability to accurately determine muscle size by U/S, similar to that in previous studies ( Smith et al, 2017 ; Franchi et al, 2018 ). However, while TA and MG thickness and CSA have previously been linked ( Smith et al, 2017 ), it is important to note the absence of correlation between TA volume and thickness in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible Skeletal Muscles: “aRaS” as a Novel Experimental Paradigm to Study the Mechanisms of Human Disuse Atrophy

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveDisuse atrophy (DA) describes inactivity-induced skeletal muscle loss, through incompletely defined mechanisms. An intriguing observation is that individual muscles exhibit differing degrees of atrophy, despite exhibiting similar anatomical function/locations. We aimed to develop an innovative experimental paradigm to investigate Atrophy Resistant tibialis anterior (TA) and Atrophy Susceptible medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles (aRaS) with a future view of uncovering central mechanisms.MethodSeven healthy young men (22 ± 1 year) underwent 15 days unilateral leg immobilisation (ULI). Participants had a single leg immobilised using a knee brace and air-boot to fix the leg (75° knee flexion) and ankle in place. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), MRI and ultrasound scans of the lower leg were taken before and after the immobilisation period to determine changes in muscle mass. Techniques were developed for conchotome and microneedle TA/MG muscle biopsies following immobilisation (both limbs), and preliminary fibre typing analyses was conducted.ResultsTA/MG muscles displayed comparable fibre type distribution of predominantly type I fibres (TA 67 ± 7%, MG 63 ± 5%). Following 15 days immobilisation, MG muscle volume (–2.8 ± 1.4%, p < 0.05) and muscle thickness decreased (−12.9 ± 1.6%, p < 0.01), with a positive correlation between changes in muscle volume and thickness (R2 = 0.31, p = 0.038). Importantly, both TA muscle volume and thickness remained unchanged.ConclusionThe use of this unique “aRaS” paradigm provides an effective and convenient means by which to study the mechanistic basis of divergent DA susceptibility in humans, which may facilitate new mechanistic insights, and by extension, mitigation of skeletal muscle atrophy during human DA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible Skeletal Muscles: “aRaS” as a Novel Experimental Paradigm to Study the Mechanisms of Human Disuse Atrophy

et al. 2021

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“…It has been previously reported that ultrasound MT is closely correlated with MRI‐measured muscle CSA in a limited number of muscle groups including the quadriceps ( r = 0·91, n = 52; Abe et al ., ), adductors ( r = 0·92, n = 20; Ogawa et al ., ), tibialis anterior ( r = 0·90, n = 17; Martinson & Stokes, ), medial and lateral gastrocnemius ( r = 0·91, n = 6 with both legs; Smith et al ., ) and the pectoralis major ( r = 0·92, n = 20; Yasuda et al ., ). However, other studies have found only moderate correlations between anterior thigh MT and mid‐thigh quadriceps muscle CSA ( r = 0·76, n = 34; Sipila & Suominen, ), between tibialis anterior MT and muscle CSA ( r = 0·58, n = 6 with both legs) and between posterior thigh MT and hamstring muscle CSA at 70% ( r = 0·68, n = 10) of the thigh length (Abe et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Given the potential utility of knowing the actual muscle CSA, it is of importance to examine if a single MT measurements are related to muscle CSA in the extremity and trunk. However, there are currently only a limited number of studies investigating this (Abe et al ., , ; Smith et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between ultrasound muscle thickness and MRI‐measured muscle cross‐sectional area in the forearm: a pilot study

Abe

Nakatani

Loenneke

2017

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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Previous studies have investigated the relationship between ultrasound-measured muscle thickness (MT) and individual muscle cross-sectional area (CSA); however, the forearm muscle had not yet been studied. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between forearm MT by ultrasound and the muscle CSA of the forearm obtained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten young and middle-aged adults had both ultrasound and MRI measurements at 30% the distance from the styloid process of the ulna to the head of the radius. Handgrip strength (HGS) was also measured. Strong correlations (P<0·001) were observed between MRI-measured muscle CSA (total and flexor and extensor components) and MT-ulna (ranged r = 0·937-0·946) and MT-radius (ranged r = 0·884-0·891). HGS was also correlated (P<0·001) with forearm MT (MT-ulna, r = 0·877; MT-radius, r = 0·852) and MRI-measured muscle CSA (flexor CSA, r = 0·910; extensor CSA, r = 0·923). Our results suggest that forearm MT is closely associated with MRI-measured forearm muscle CSA in young and middle-aged adults and suggest that ultrasound-measured forearm muscle thickness may be a useful variable for evaluating muscle CSA and function in the forearm.

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“…Although MRI has traditionally been used to assess muscle architectural changes, ultrasound has been increasingly used to assess lower extremity muscles in clinical settings due to its portability and reliability compared to MRI muscle imaging [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Ultrasound is also less costly and more accessible than MRI [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Measurements of Rectus Femoris and Locomotor Outcomes in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

Tay

Kong

2022

Life

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Patients with incomplete spinal cord injury have decreased mobility, and many do not recover walking ability. The purpose of this study was to investigate rectus femoris muscle thickness and echo intensity on ultrasound and functional outcomes in these patients. This was a prospective cohort study in an inpatient rehabilitation center, which recruited 40 consecutive patients with incomplete spinal cord injury. The patients underwent an ultrasound assessment at 6 weeks post-injury. Ultrasound measurements were performed using B-mode ultrasound scanning and standardized protocols. Functional outcomes on discharge, including Lower Extremity Muscle Score (LEMS), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury II (WISCI II), were measured. Rectus femoris muscle thickness was significantly correlated with discharge LEMS (Spearman’s rho = 0.448; p = 0.004), FIM motor subscale (Spearman’s rho = 0.595; p < 0.001), FIM walk subscale (Spearman’s rho = 0.621; p < 0.001) and WISCI II (Spearman’s rho = 0.531; p < 0.001). The rectus femoris echo intensity was also significantly correlated with discharge LEMS (Spearman’s rho = −0.345; p = 0.029), FIM motor subscale (Spearman’s rho = −0.413; p = 0.008), FIM walk subscale (Spearman’s rho = −0.352; p = 0.026), and WISCI II (Spearman’s rho = −0.355; p = 0.025). We report that a relationship exists between rectus femoris muscle ultrasonographic characteristics and muscle function and ambulatory outcomes after inpatient rehabilitation. Ultrasound muscle measurements are potentially useful in assessing muscle wasting and function in patients with spinal cord injury.

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Lower extremity muscle structure in incomplete spinal cord injury: a comparison between ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible Skeletal Muscles: “aRaS” as a Novel Experimental Paradigm to Study the Mechanisms of Human Disuse Atrophy

Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible Skeletal Muscles: “aRaS” as a Novel Experimental Paradigm to Study the Mechanisms of Human Disuse Atrophy

Relationship between ultrasound muscle thickness and MRI‐measured muscle cross‐sectional area in the forearm: a pilot study

Ultrasound Measurements of Rectus Femoris and Locomotor Outcomes in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

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