Low‐temperature sintering of BF‐PT‐BZ ternary solid solutions with enhanced piezoelectric properties

Abstract

The 0.34BiFeO3‐0.46PbTiO3‐0.2BaZrO3 (BF‐PT‐0.2BZ) ternary solid solutions were prepared by the solid‐state reaction methods. Different amounts of Li2CO3‐Bi2O3 (LB) additives were introduced into the based materials after the calcination process. Upon using LB additives, the sintering temperature of BF‐PT‐0.2BZ ceramics was lowered to 950°C, while the relative density was enhanced to the highest of about 97% for LB of 1 wt%. XRD results indicate that BF‐PT‐0.2BZ ceramics exhibit the perovskite structure without detectable second phases. SEM images reveal that BF‐PT‐0.2BZ ceramics are well densified and the grain size is enhanced with the addition of LB. Moreover, the piezoelectric properties are enhanced significantly, achieving the highest d33 and bipolar strain of 350 pC/N and 0.53%, respectively, for BF‐PT‐0.2BZ ceramics with LB of 1 wt%. Our results indicate that low‐temperature sintered BF‐PT‐0.2BZ ceramics with excellent piezoelectric properties have promising applications in multilayer piezoelectric actuators.

Low-Temperature Sintering of Bi(Ni0.5Ti0.5)O3-BiFeO3-Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3 Ceramics and Their Performance

“…Furthermore, BF presents multiferroic performance with a high T C of 810 • C, which has large theoretical saturation polarization but cannot normally be acquired due to preparation difficulty and large leakage conductivity [17]. Although pure BF ceramics were hard to prepare, BF could facilitate ceramics preparation, promote grain growth and increase densification process due to its low melting point of 930 • C, and it had many application instances [18,19]. A similar sintering aid characteristic is used to facilitate the preparation of Bi(Ni 0.5 Ti 0.5 )O 3 -BiFeO 3 -Pb(Zr 0.5 Ti 0.5 )O 3 (BNT-BF-PZT) ceramics in this work.…”

“…Among ceramics processing, sintering conditions are the most important factors since the phase structure, point defects, grain size, density, etc., are affected greatly by the sintering temperature and soaking time, especially for the difficult to prepare Pb-and Bi-containing ceramics [22]. Therefore, a low-temperature sintering strategy was realized due to the low melting point of BF [19] and PbO accompanied by the adding of an additional sintering aid, LiBO 2 [23], and the systematic influences on structure, performance and conduction mechanism were studied in detail.…”

Composition dependent phase structure, dielectric and electrostrain properties in (Sr0.7Bi0.2□0.1)TiO3–PbTiO3–Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 systems

“…Among them, actuators often require materials with high displacement accuracy [5]. Although some highelectrostrain ceramic compositions are widely reported, such as Pb(Zr 1−x Ti x )O 3 [6,7], (Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 )TiO 3 [8][9][10], BiFeO 3 [11][12][13] systems, the shortcomings of high hysteresis retard their practical applications. Therefore, in order to meet the requirement of commercial actuators, it is particularly important to develop novel material with high electrostrain and low hysteresis.…”

“…As a matter of fact, due to emergence of ergodic relaxor phase, the response of ceramic matrix to electric field is gradually dominated by reversible transition process from ergodic to long-range ferroelectric order, which contributes to a significant increase in electrostrain [11]. Composition modulation usually leads to dielectric relaxation behavior and ferroelectric-relaxor phase transition change, during which ferroelectric-to-relaxor transition temperature (T FR ) or ergodic to nonergodic freezing temperature (T f ) gradually shifts to near/under room temperature.…”

Structure and properties of Bi(Zn½Ti½)O3‐modified Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 piezo‐/ferroelectric ceramics around the ternary morphotropic phase boundary

“…12,13 Unfortunately, the size of Bi 3+ cation (1.35 Å) is relatively smaller than that of Pb 2+ (1.49 Å), which inevitably limits the stability of the Bi-based perovskite structure. 14 To overcome this issue, Pb-based end member, especially PbTiO 3 (PT), has been employed to form solid solutions with Bi-based compounds, for example, BiFeO 3 -PT, [15][16][17][18] BiScO 3 -PT, Bi(Mg,Ti)O 3 -PT. [19][20][21] This approach is not only expected to stabilize the Bi-based perovskites, but also to enhance the ferroelectric properties of the Pb-based compounds.…”