Low-temperature conversion of high-moisture biomass: Continuous reactor system results

Elliott, D.C.; Sealock, L.J.; Butner, R.S.; Baker, E.G.; Neuenschwander, Gary G.

doi:10.2172/5657956

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…43 Th e results confi rmed the earlier batch test results in that high conversion of biomass solids to gas were achieved with high concentrations of methane in the product gas using a number of biomass feedstocks, such as sorghum, spent grain and cheese whey. Also seen in these tests was the rapid deactivation of the nickel catalysts used.…”

Section: Biomass Gasifi Cation Results With Ruthenium Catalysissupporting

confidence: 82%

“…More detailed studies related to the eff ect of sulfur on ruthenium catalysts were reported by Osada et al 40 For all the catalysts listed in Table 5 Carberry-type stirred tank reactor. 43 Th e results confi rmed the earlier batch test results in that high conversion of biomass solids to gas were achieved with high concentrations of methane in the product gas using a number of biomass feedstocks, such as sorghum, spent grain and cheese whey. Also seen in these tests was the rapid deactivation of the nickel catalysts used.…”

Section: Biomass Gasifi Cation Results With Ruthenium Catalysissupporting

confidence: 82%

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Catalytic hydrothermal gasification of biomass

Elliott

2008

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

353

241

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A recent development in biomass gasifi cation is the use of a pressurized water-processing environment to avoid drying of the biomass. This paper reviews the research undertaken developing this new option for biomass gasifi cation. This review does not cover wet oxidation or near-atmospheric-pressure steam-gasifi cation of biomass.Laboratory research on hydrothermal gasifi cation of biomass focusing on the use of catalysts is reviewed here, and a companion review focuses on non-catalytic processing. Research includes liquid-phase, subcritical processing as well as supercritical water processing. The use of heterogeneous catalysts in such a system allows effective operation at lower temperatures, and the issues around the use of catalysts are presented. This review attempts to show the potential of this new processing concept by comparing the various options under development and the results of the research.

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Section: Biomass Gasifi Cation Results With Ruthenium Catalysissupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Biomass Gasifi Cation Results With Ruthenium Catalysissupporting

confidence: 82%

Catalytic hydrothermal gasification of biomass

Elliott

2008

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

353

241

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“…From the fundamental research evolved the concept of a pressurized, catalytic gasification system for converting wet biomass feedstocks to fuel gas (Elliott, Butner, and Sealock 1988]. Extensive batch reactor testing and limited continuous reactor system (CRS) testing [Elliott et al 1989] were undertaken in the development of this system under sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy, Conservation and Renewable Energy. A wide range of biomass feedstocks were tested, and the importance of the nickel metal catalyst was identified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature catalytic gasification of wet industrial wastes

Elliott¹,

Neuenschwander²,

Baker³

et al. 1991

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Bench-scale reactor tests are in progress at Pacific Northwest Laboratory to develop a low-temperature, catalytic gasification system. The system, licensed under the trade name Thermochemical Environmental Energy System (TEES®), (a) is designed for treating a wide variety of feedstocks ranging from dilute organics in water to waste sludges from food processing. This report describes a test program which used a continuous-feed tubular reactor. This test program is an intermediate stage in the process development. The reactor is a laboratory-scale version of the commercial concept as currently envisioned by the process developers. Results showed that feedstocks, such as solutions of 2% para-cresol or 5% and 10% lactose in water or cheese whey, could be processed to >99% reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) at a rate of up to 2 L/hr. The estimated residence time was 7 min at 360°C and 3000 psig, not including 1 to 2 min required in the preheating zone of the reactor. The liquid hourly space velocity varied from 1.8 to 4.6 L feedstock/L catalystjhr depending on the feedstock. The product gas composition also varied with feedstock while consistent results could be obtained with any given feedstock. The product fuel gas contained 45% to 70% methane, 25% to 50% carbon dioxide, and <5% hydrogen with as much as 2% ethane but less than 0.1% ethylene or carbon monoxide, and small amounts of higher hydrocarbons. Representative results from cheese whey show production of 1350 SCF/wet ton (22,500 SCF/dry ton) of medium-Btu gas containing 590 Btu/SCF. Similar results for 1.8% para-cresol in water are 820 SCF/wet ton (45,800 SCF/dry ton) of medium-Btu containing 630 Btu/SCF. The byproduct water stream carried residual organics from 40 to 500 mg/L COD, depending on the feedstock. The catalysts evaluated in the project consisted of nickel metal on various inert supports. These commercial catalysts were not specifically designed for our process, but were tested to determine their applicability. {a) TEES® is a registered servicemark of Onsite*

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“…A catalytic gasification process operated in F-29 near critical and supercritical water was originally applied to convert high-moisture biomass feedstocks to useful gas and liquid products by the Pacific-Northwest Laboratory (PNL) (Sealock et al, 1988;Butner et al, 1985;Elliott et al, 1989). The operating condition was temperature between 400 -450 0 e and pressure up to 5000 psi.…”

Section: Gasification In Sewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hawaii Integrated Biofuels Research Program: Final Subcontract Report, Phase III

1992

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Low-temperature conversion of high-moisture biomass: Continuous reactor system results

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Catalytic hydrothermal gasification of biomass

Catalytic hydrothermal gasification of biomass

Low-temperature catalytic gasification of wet industrial wastes

Hawaii Integrated Biofuels Research Program: Final Subcontract Report, Phase III

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