Low melatonin as a contributor to SARS-CoV-2 disease

Pandi‐Perumal, Seithikurippu R.; Cardinali, Daniel P.; Reíter, Russel J.; Brown, Gregory M.

doi:10.32794/mr11250079

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(168 reference statements)

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“…The rationale for this is that the elevated free radical generation as well as the inflammatory response associated with this disease persists during both the light and dark period. To aid in the inhibition of these damaging responses, it may improve the clinical outcome if melatonin is used as a treatment of infected individuals during the day, when circulating melatonin levels are at their nadir [ 109 , 110 ].…”

Section: Effective Dose Timing Of Administration Limitations and Futu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin: highlighting its use as a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Reíter

Sharma

Šimko

et al. 2022

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Numerous pharmaceutical drugs have been repurposed for use as treatments for COVID-19 disease. These drugs have not consistently demonstrated high efficacy in preventing or treating this serious condition and all have side effects to differing degrees. We encourage the continued consideration of the use of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, melatonin, as a countermeasure to a SARS-CoV-2 infection. More than 140 scientific publications have identified melatonin as a likely useful agent to treat this disease. Moreover, the publications cited provide the rationale for the use of melatonin as a prophylactic agent against this condition. Melatonin has pan-antiviral effects and it diminishes the severity of viral infections and reduces the death of animals infected with numerous different viruses, including three different coronaviruses. Network analyses, which compared drugs used to treat SARS-CoV-2 in humans, also predicted that melatonin would be the most effective agent for preventing/treating COVID-19. Finally, when seriously infected COVID-19 patients were treated with melatonin, either alone or in combination with other medications, these treatments reduced the severity of infection, lowered the death rate, and shortened the duration of hospitalization. Melatonin’s ability to arrest SARS-CoV-2 infections may reduce health care exhaustion by limiting the need for hospitalization. Importantly, melatonin has a high safety profile over a wide range of doses and lacks significant toxicity. Some molecular processes by which melatonin resists a SARS-CoV-2 infection are summarized. The authors believe that all available, potentially beneficial drugs, including melatonin, that lack toxicity should be used in pandemics such as that caused by SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Effective Dose Timing Of Administration Limitations and Futu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin: highlighting its use as a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Reíter

Sharma

Šimko

et al. 2022

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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“…Melatonin is a highly studied biomolecule due to its known role in mammals as a regulating hormone of sleep-wake cycles, and other functions in endogenous rhythms, mood, metabolism, and immunological responses [9,10]. In addition, it has been investigated as to its therapeutic efficacy in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsonism, cancer, diabetes, and SARS-CoV-2 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of Melatonin In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants 2021, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 14 tions in endogenous rhythms, mood, metabolism, and immunological responses [9,10]. In addition, it has been investigated as to its therapeutic efficacy in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsonism, cancer, diabetes, and SARS-CoV-2 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of Melatonin In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Plant Cells

Arnao

Hernández‐Ruíz

Caño

et al. 2021

Plants

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Melatonin, a multifunctional molecule that is present in all living organisms studied, is synthesized in plant cells in several intercellular organelles including in the chloroplasts and in mitochondria. In plants, melatonin has a relevant role as a modulatory agent which improves their tolerance response to biotic and abiotic stress. The role of melatonin in stress conditions on the primary metabolism of plant carbohydrates is reviewed in the present work. Thus, the modulatory actions of melatonin on the various biosynthetic and degradation pathways involving simple carbohydrates (mono- and disaccharides), polymers (starch), and derivatives (polyalcohols) in plants are evaluated. The possible applications of the use of melatonin in crop improvement and postharvest products are examined.

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“…It has been observed that melatonin was only used in 11 clinical trials. The time spent on clinical trials, using a bioactive compound, such as melatonin, is not supported, due to the lack of protective patents for a natural compound ( 71 ). However, this obstacle has to be surpassed, not only due to its highly safe and effective profile, but also due to its multifactorial and synergic pharmacological actions ( 15 , 72 ).…”

Section: Clinical Trials Using Melatonin To Treat Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pineal hormone melatonin as an adjuvant treatment for COVID‑19 (Review)

et al. 2021

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The beneficial properties of the pineal hormone, melatonin, as a neuroprotective and cardioprotective agent, have been previously identified. Furthermore, melatonin plays essential roles in biological rhythms resynchronization, sleep initiation/maintenance and metabolic, ocular, rheumatological diseases. In addition to these functions, melatonin is known to exert immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Due to these properties, coupled with its non-toxic nature, melatonin has been suggested to limit viral infections; however, melatonin cannot be classified as a viricidal drug. In addition, the recent increase in the number of clinical trials on melatonin's role, as an adjuvant treatment for COVID-19, has resurged the interest of the scientific community in this hormone. The present short review aimed to improve the understanding of the antiviral/anti-COVID-19 profile of melatonin and the clinical trials that have recently been conducted, with respect to its co-administration in treating individuals with COVID-19.

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Low melatonin as a contributor to SARS-CoV-2 disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 145 publications

Melatonin: highlighting its use as a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Melatonin: highlighting its use as a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Melatonin and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Plant Cells

Pineal hormone melatonin as an adjuvant treatment for COVID‑19 (Review)

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