Low dose recombinant interferon alfa treatment for classic Kaposi's sarcoma

Tur, Ethel

doi:10.1001/archderm.129.10.1297

Cited by 7 publications

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“…On reviewing the international literature on lowdose subcutaneous IFN-␣ therapy of non-HIV KS, [5][6][7][8][9] including this publication, 27 KS patients are reported. Either IFN-␣2a or IFN-␣2b was used, most therapy regimens included 3-18 million IU/day for 3 days a week, and the duration of treatment varied from 6 weeks to 84 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-human immunodeficiency virus Kaposi's sarcoma can be effectively treated with low-dose interferon-α despite the persistence of herpesvirus-8

Deichmann

Thome

Jäckel

et al. 1998

British Journal of Dermatology

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Three patients, negative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with histologically and polymerase chain reaction-proven non-HIV Kaposi's sarcoma who received low-dose interferon (IFN) as first-line treatment because of disseminated symptomatic disease are reported. Applying 3-18 million IU of IFN-alpha 2a per day, 3 days a week, subcutaneously for 8-20 months, major responses were achieved in all three cases. Tumour regression was observed within 4 months and has continued for 57 and 18 months to date (cases 1 and 2, respectively). Influenza-like symptoms, including fever, headaches and fatigue, were mild side-effects. However, in the third patient interferon injections had to be stopped because of hepatic enzyme elevation. Including this case report, 27 non-HIV Kaposi's sarcoma patients subcutaneously treated with IFN-alpha have been reported in literature. Most therapy regimens included 3-18 million IU IFN-alpha per day for 3 days a week. Twenty of 27 patients, or 74%, responded to therapy, whereas seven patients or 26% had stable or progressive disease. Relapse after IFN withdrawal can occur but is frequently delayed and limited, as in case 1. Following the response to IFN treatment, human herpesvirus-8 DNA was detected in the blood mononuclear cells of all three patients, possibly contributing to future relapses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,4 In contrast, low-dose IFN treatment of non-HIV KS, in which no profound immunological suppression has been observed, was shown to be effective. [5][6][7][8] Here, we report three patients with histologically and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-proven Kaposi's sarcoma, not linked to AIDS, receiving low-dose IFN-␣2b as first-line treatment.…”

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confidence: 99%

Non-human immunodeficiency virus Kaposi's sarcoma can be effectively treated with low-dose interferon-α despite the persistence of herpesvirus-8

Deichmann

Thome

Jäckel

et al. 1998

British Journal of Dermatology

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“…A large number of reports of other associations followed3–10 but, although the well known article published by Safai et al in 1980 is among the most frequently cited in the literature because of the significance of its data (18 of 92 KS patients also had LDs), the results collected in various studies of large series of homogeneous patient populations with nonepidemic KS have not always been concordant (Table 1). 8, 11–21 All 250 patients with classic KS who have been treated at the Second Department of Dermatology in Milan since 1978 were included in this retrospective study designed to verify the presence of any associated LDs.…”

Section: Case Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunodeficiency virus negative Kaposi sarcoma and lymphoproliferative disorders

Fossati¹,

Boneschi²,

Ferrucci³

et al. 1999

Cancer

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BACKGROUND The concomitant occurrence of more than one primary neoplasm in the same individual has led researchers to seek possible common etiopathogenetic factors. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multicentric neoplasm of vascular origin and perhaps viral etiology. Four forms of KS are known: classic or Mediterranean, endemic or African, posttransplant, and epidemic or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome‐associated KS. In its classic form KS mainly affects elderly people and often has a long and indolent course that occasionally allows other malignancies to appear. Previous studies of the possible association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative KS and lymphoproliferative disorders (LDs) have produced discordant results. METHODS To verify a possibly significant association between HIV negative KS and LDs, data relating to 250 evaluable Italian patients with HIV negative KS were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS Of the 250 KS patients, only 6 (2.4%) were found to have had an LD: 2 with Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 with cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma, 1 with acute promyelocytic leukemia, and 1 with B‐chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CONCLUSIONS No significant association was found between HIV negative KS and LDs in the patient population in the current study. The authors believe that age, LD, or therapy‐related immunodepression played a role in the cases in which KS appeared after the LD by determining the passing to the lytic phase of the herpesvirus HHV8 already present in anatomic sites of latency/persistence. Cancer 1999;85:1611–5. © 1999 American Cancer Society.

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“…Systemic administration of alpha-interferon (IFN-␣) to KS patients has been used in the therapy of C-KS and in patients with AIDS-KS and relatively normal CD4 ϩ T-cell counts (16,21,36,43,62,86). Clinical responses to IFN-␣ alone have been observed in up to 46% of the treated HIV-infected subjects, particularly in patients with little or no visceral involvement (reviewed in reference 57).…”

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confidence: 99%

Alpha Interferon Inhibits Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) Reactivation in Primary Effusion Lymphoma Cells and Reduces HHV-8 Load in Cultured Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Monini¹,

Carlini²,

Stürzl

et al. 1999

J Virol

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Infection by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is associated with the development of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). Since regression of KS can be achieved by treatment of the patients with alpha interferon (IFN-α), we analyzed the effects of IFN-α or anti-IFN-α antibodies (Ab) on HHV-8 latently infected primary effusion lymphoma-derived cell lines (BCBL-1 and BC-1) and on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with all forms of KS and from at-risk subjects. IFN-α inhibited in a dose-dependent manner the amplification of HHV-8 DNA in BCBL-1 cells induced to lytic infection with tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA). This effect was associated with the inhibition of the expression of HHV-8 nut-1 and kaposin genes that are induced early and several hours, respectively, after TPA treatment. In addition, IFN-α inhibited virus production and/or release from BCBL-1 cells. Inhibition of nut-1 and kaposin genes by IFN-α was also observed in BC-1 cells induced with n-butyrate. Conversely, the addition of anti-IFN-α Ab to TPA-induced BCBL-1 cells resulted in a larger number of mature enveloped particles and in a more extensive cytopathic effect due to the neutralization of the endogenous IFN produced by these cells. IFN was also produced by cultured PBMC from HHV-8-infected individuals, and this was associated with a loss of viral DNA during culture. However, the addition of anti-IFN-α Ab or anti-type I IFN receptor Ab promoted the maintenance of HHV-8 DNA in these cells that was associated with the detection of the latency-associated kaposin RNA. Finally, the addition of IFN-α reduced the HHV-8 load in PBMC. Thus, IFN-α appears to have inhibitory effects on HHV-8 persistent infection of PBMC. These results suggest that, in addition to inhibiting the expression of angiogenic factors that are key to KS development, IFN-α may induce KS regression by reducing the HHV-8 load and/or inhibiting virus reactivation.

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Low dose recombinant interferon alfa treatment for classic Kaposi's sarcoma

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Non-human immunodeficiency virus Kaposi's sarcoma can be effectively treated with low-dose interferon-α despite the persistence of herpesvirus-8

Non-human immunodeficiency virus Kaposi's sarcoma can be effectively treated with low-dose interferon-α despite the persistence of herpesvirus-8

Human immunodeficiency virus negative Kaposi sarcoma and lymphoproliferative disorders

Alpha Interferon Inhibits Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) Reactivation in Primary Effusion Lymphoma Cells and Reduces HHV-8 Load in Cultured Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

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