Lost &lt;I&gt;P1&lt;/I&gt; Allele in &lt;I&gt;sh2&lt;/I&gt; Sweet Corn: Quantitative Effects of &lt;I&gt;p1&lt;/I&gt; and &lt;I&gt;a1&lt;/I&gt; Genes on Concentrations of Maysin, Apimaysin, Methoxymaysin, and Chlorogenic Acid in Maize Silk

Guo, Bao‐Zhu; Zhang, Z. J.; Butrón, Ana; Widstrom, N. W.; Snook, M. E.; Lynch, R. E.; Plaisted, D.

doi:10.1603/0022-0493-97.6.2117

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…The predominant phenolic compounds in the methanol extract of CS have been identified as maysin, apimaysin (AP), 3'-methoxymaysin (ME), isoorientin, and luteolin derivatives (4,5). Maysin (rhamnosyl-6-C-(4-ketofucosyl)-5,7,3',4' tetrahydroxyflavone), a flavone glycoside having a rhamnose, is a major flavonoid in CS (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunostimulating activity of maysin isolated from corn silk in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

et al. 2014

BMB Reports

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Corn silk (CS) has long been consumed as a traditional herb in Korea. Maysin is a major flavonoid of CS. The effects of maysin on macrophage activation were evaluated, using the murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Maysin was isolated from CS by methanol extraction, and preparative C18 reverse phase column chromatography. Maysin was nontoxic up to 100 μg/ml, and dose-dependently increased TNF-α secretion and iNOS production by 11.2- and 4.2-fold, respectively, compared to untreated control. The activation and subsequent nuclear translocation of NF-κB was substantially enhanced upon treatment with maysin (1-100 μg/ml). Maysin also stimulated the phosphorylation of Akt and MAPKs (ERK, JNK). These results indicated that maysin activates macrophages to secrete TNF-α and induce iNOS expression, via the activation of the Akt, NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. These results suggest for the first time that maysin can be a new immunomodulator, enhancing the early innate immunity. [BMB Reports 2014; 47(7): 382-387]

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunostimulating activity of maysin isolated from corn silk in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

et al. 2014

BMB Reports

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Crop Stress and Aflatoxin Contamination: Perspectives and Prevention Strategies

Guo

et al. 2011

Crop Stress and Its Management: Perspectives and Strategies

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The fungal metabolites called afl atoxins are potent naturally occurring carcinogens, produced primarily by Aspergillus fl avus and A. parasiticus . A. fl avus affects many agricultural crops such as maize, cotton, peanuts, and tree nuts. It can contaminate these crops with afl atoxins in the fi eld before harvest. It is a serious concern because of its toxic and carcinogenic properties and also due to the risk of contamination in food and feed on human health and livestock. It is not only a serious food safety issue, but it has signifi cant economic implications for the agricultural industry worldwide because of restrictions limiting the trade of contaminated crop. Host plant resistance is an effective, effi cient and dependable tool to protect crops from the preharvest infection and afl atoxin contamination processes. Host plant resistance to afl atoxin contamination is a complex trait, and dissecting this trait is an equally complex task. With the technological breakthrough in genomics and next-generation sequencing, our understanding on the Aspergillus biology is greatly enhanced. This chapter aggregates the rich afl atoxin literature and focuses on the factors that cause the stress execrably and increase the afl atoxin contamination of grains before and after harvest. Further discussed are potential future prevention technology and strategies that could be employed to guide future research, such as "next-generation" genetics.

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Maize Flavonoid Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Human Health Relevance: A Review

et al. 2022

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Maize is one of the most important crops for human and animal consumption and contains a chemical arsenal essential for survival: flavonoids. Moreover, flavonoids are well known for their beneficial effects on human health. In this review, we decided to organize the information about maize flavonoids into three sections. In the first section, we include updated information about the enzymatic pathway of maize flavonoids. We describe a total of twenty-one genes for the flavonoid pathway of maize. The first three genes participate in the general phenylpropanoid pathway. Four genes are common biosynthetic early genes for flavonoids, and fourteen are specific genes for the flavonoid subgroups, the anthocyanins, and flavone C-glycosides. The second section explains the tissue accumulation and regulation of flavonoids by environmental factors affecting the expression of the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) transcriptional complex. The study of transcription factors of the MBW complex is fundamental for understanding how the flavonoid profiles generate a palette of colors in the plant tissues. Finally, we also include an update of the biological activities of C3G, the major maize anthocyanin, including anticancer, antidiabetic, and antioxidant effects, among others. This review intends to disclose and integrate the existing knowledge regarding maize flavonoid pigmentation and its relevance in the human health sector.

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Lost <I>P1</I> Allele in <I>sh2</I> Sweet Corn: Quantitative Effects of <I>p1</I> and <I>a1</I> Genes on Concentrations of Maysin, Apimaysin, Methoxymaysin, and Chlorogenic Acid in Maize Silk

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Immunostimulating activity of maysin isolated from corn silk in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages

Immunostimulating activity of maysin isolated from corn silk in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages

Crop Stress and Aflatoxin Contamination: Perspectives and Prevention Strategies

Maize Flavonoid Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Human Health Relevance: A Review

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