Lophomonas blattarum Infection or Just the Movement of Ciliated Epithelial Cells?

Li, Ran; Gao, Zhancheng

doi:10.4103/0366-6999.178025

Cited by 42 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The increase of clinical cases will alert the health system's services and more studies should be carried to identify it and know its infectivity and pathogenesis in humans as well as an effective treatment. The patients can be treated receiving metronidazole, tinidazole, or ornidazole [ 15 ]. The prevention of the infection can be reduced by improving the hospital's hygiene level and control of insects' infestation, these may eradicate parasitic infection [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lophomonas sp. in the upper and lower respiratory tract of patients from a hospital in Lambayeque, Peru: clinical case studies

Failoc‐Rojas

Iglesias-Osores

Silva-Díaz

2020

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports

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Infections with protozoans, mainly due to immunodeficiency, are common all over the world. However, pulmonary infections with protozoans are less frequent. Lophomonas sp. is a flagellated protozoan that lives in the gastrointestinal tract of some species of cockroaches. Some cases, that show the presence of Lophomonas in populations whose lungs are affected, have been reported. Case report: The medical records of nine patients were studied: seven adult patients and two pediatric patients who were in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), respectively. The samples were taken from tracheal aspirations and bronchoalveolar lavages. The patients’ ages were between 9 and 95 years, and 60% of them were male. Some of the patients were healthy, a priori, and others were immunosuppressed. There were found three patients with neoplasia, two patients with diabetes mellitus and four patients with no systemic pathologies. It is concluded that Lophomonas sp. is a protozoa parasite which emerges from the upper and lower respiratory tract of hospitalized patients. However, its pathogenic role is still controversial in all cases, that's why it merits further study for its understanding and possible treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lophomonas sp. in the upper and lower respiratory tract of patients from a hospital in Lambayeque, Peru: clinical case studies

Failoc‐Rojas

Iglesias-Osores

Silva-Díaz

2020

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports

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“…Significantly, electron microscopy showed some ultrastructures of flagellated protozoa that are not found in ciliated epithelial cells, such as the calyx, axial filament, and parabasal body[27,28]. These peculiar structures could promote temporary motility, while the ciliated epithelial cells could show similar mobility under a light microscope, even if detached from the airway epithelium for a long period[29]. Thus, movement detected by light microscopy is not a distinguishing feature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Authenticity of pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection: A case report

Meng¹,

Dai²,

Wang³

et al. 2019

WJCC

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Pulmonary protozoal infections are rare. A 28-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with chief complains of cough, sputum, and dyspnea. The clinical laboratory tests for blood revealed an increased eosinophil percentage of 31.3% and significantly elevated total IgE. The chest computed tomography scan revealed that bilateral bronchial walls were thickening, accompanied with patchy spots scattered throughout bilateral lungs. A suspected multiflagellated protozoan was observed under a light microscope. But some different features were observed by electron microscopy, such as the orientation of flagella and nucleus. Besides, both bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and bronchoscopic brush smears underwent Gram staining and Pap staining, which revealed that numerous respiratory ciliated cells were scattered or accumulated in the sample. Finally, she was diagnosed with eosinophil pneumonia. Metronidazole, bronchodilators, and mucolytics were taken for 5 d and symptoms and pulmonary ventilation function improved. We herein report a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, which was misdiagnosed as multiflagellated protozoan infection, and it is suggested that reliable diagnosis approaches are necessary, rather than clinical symptoms and morphological features.

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“…It is an anaerobic multiflagellated intestinal protozoan, endocommensal in the intestine of some arthropods, such as termites and cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattoidea), which contaminate in its path food, dust and clothes with its secretions and feces [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Lophomonas Blattarummentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchopulmonary Lophomoniasis, Infection by Endocommensal Protozoa of Intradomiciliary Cockroaches: Presentation of a Case in an Immunocompromised Patient from Querétaro, Mexico

Villagrán-Herrera¹,

Mercado-Curiel²,

Aburto-Fernández³

et al. 2020

Parasitology and Microbiology Research

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Infection in humans by the intestinal protozoan of cockroaches and termites called Lophomonas blattarum has been diagnosed in respiratory infections of children aged 2-5 years contaminated orally or by air, with cysts or trophozoites contained in the feces of the cockroach Periplaneta americana. In respiratory infections of adults, it is difficult to diagnose since the cyst or trophozoite is not recognized as a human pathogen and is only related to immunosuppressed patients, transplant patients with severe lung disease and those living in poor and unhealthy sanitary conditions. Normally, its presence is manifested with fevers of 38-39°C, cough with thick expectoration, respiratory insufficiency and pulmonary abscesses. The laboratory diagnosis is mainly based on bronchoscopic cytologies and bronchoalveolar lavage biopsies. The case in question is about a 60-year-old male. Single, he lives alone, with a diagnosis of 9 baths behind non-Hodgkin lymphoma, undergoing treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. For edema after treatment, thoracentesis and pericardiocentesis were performed, as well as gastrostomy, which he maintained for 1 year. He started with throat discomfort, followed by production of productive cough without blood, general weakness, and difficulty breathing, with apparent diagnosis of possible respiratory failure due to mycobacteria. It was possible to visualize the protozoan, in fresh preparations of bronchial aspirate and expectoration in wet assembly with saline solution and stained with Pap smears, Harris Hematoxylin and Eosin (H/E), and Giemsa.

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Lophomonas blattarum Infection or Just the Movement of Ciliated Epithelial Cells?

Cited by 42 publications

References 12 publications

Lophomonas sp. in the upper and lower respiratory tract of patients from a hospital in Lambayeque, Peru: clinical case studies

Lophomonas sp. in the upper and lower respiratory tract of patients from a hospital in Lambayeque, Peru: clinical case studies

Authenticity of pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection: A case report

Bronchopulmonary Lophomoniasis, Infection by Endocommensal Protozoa of Intradomiciliary Cockroaches: Presentation of a Case in an Immunocompromised Patient from Querétaro, Mexico

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