Long-term tests of a Jülich planar short stack with reversible solid oxide cells in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes

Nguyen, Van Nhu; Fang, Qingping; Packbier, Ute; Blum, Ludger

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.01.192

Cited by 162 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The reasons for this result would lie in an easier diffusion process of H 2 /H 2 O in a porous electrode compared to CO/CO 2 and in a higher charge transfer for the steam reduction. Furthermore, degradation rates seem to be impacted by the electrolyzer operating mode, as investigated by Nguyen et al [19]. These authors compared the voltage evolution of a two Ni-YSZ/YSZ/CGO/LSCF cells stack operating in H 2 O electrolysis, CO 2 electrolysis and co-electrolysis, and showed that the voltage degradation is a little higher in co-electrolysis compared to steam electrolysis (at 760°C and 15% fuel utilization, degradations rates comprised between 0.5 and 1.5%/1,000 h for 50/50 vol.% H 2 O/H 2 steam electrolysis and between 1.0 and 6.1%/1,000 h (DU/U) for 25/25/50 vol.% H 2 O/CO 2 /H 2 co-electrolysis were measured).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only few models have been dedicated to the co-electrolysis of CO 2 and H 2 O. Thermodynamic investigations have also been carried out on the effect of temperature, pressure, and inlet composition on the outlet gas and performances [19,30]. After investigating CO 2 electrolysis [31], Ni et al [20,32] have recently developed a kinetic model taking into account the CO 2 electro-reduction and the reverse WGS reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental Validation of Two‐Dimensional H₂O and CO₂ Co‐Electrolysis Modeling

Aicart¹,

Laurencin²,

Petitjean³

et al. 2014

Fuel Cells

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This work details an in‐house 2D electrochemical and thermal model of solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) dedicated to the simultaneous electrolysis of steam and carbon dioxide. The apparent exchange current densities for both H2O and CO2 electrochemical reductions have been fitted on single electrolysis polarization curves obtained on a standard cathode supported cell (CSC). By using these values, predictive simulations have been performed in a co‐electrolysis mode. The results have been compared to experimental data obtained in the same conditions. A good agreement is found between the simulated points and the experimental polarization curves, meaning that the model stands to predict accurately the SOEC response in co‐electrolysis mode. Simulations have been performed to investigate co‐electrolysis mechanisms in terms of partial pressures, current densities, and overpotentials distributions along the cell. The relative influence of both water gas shift (WGS) reaction and CO2 electrolysis on the global CO production is also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Validation of Two‐Dimensional H₂O and CO₂ Co‐Electrolysis Modeling

Aicart¹,

Laurencin²,

Petitjean³

et al. 2014

Fuel Cells

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“…• at the Julich research center, a two-cell planar stack was operated for 4000 h in fuel cell mode, for 3450 h in steam electrolysis and for 640 h in co-electrolysis modes [34]; • Sar et al [35] made similar tests with different materials for a shorter time (430 h as SOEC and 350 as SOFC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those cells were chosen since their reliability has been proven in long-term tests in both SOFC and SOEC modes as mentioned above [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells as Electricity Storage System

Giorgio

Desideri

2016

Energies

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Electrical energy storage (EES) systems allow shifting the time of electric power generation from that of consumption, and they are expected to play a major role in future electric grids where the share of intermittent renewable energy systems (RES), and especially solar and wind power plants, is planned to increase. No commercially available technology complies with all the required specifications for an efficient and reliable EES system. Reversible solid oxide cells (ReSOC) working in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes could be a cost effective and highly efficient EES, but are not yet ready for the market. In fact, using the system in fuel cell mode produces high temperature heat that can be recovered during electrolysis, when a heat source is necessary. Before ReSOCs can be used as EES systems, many problems have to be solved. This paper presents a new ReSOC concept, where the thermal energy produced during fuel cell mode is stored as sensible or latent heat, respectively, in a high density and high specific heat material and in a phase change material (PCM) and used during electrolysis operation. The study of two different storage concepts is performed using a lumped parameters ReSOC stack model coupled with a suitable balance of plant. The optimal roundtrip efficiency calculated for both of the configurations studied is not far from 70% and results from a trade-off between the stack roundtrip efficiency and the energy consumed by the auxiliary power systems.

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“…Much progress on the SOEC technology has been achieved for hydrogen production, for example as regards the electrochemical performance and the durability of the cell and stack, electrode and electrolyte materials, and modeling of SOEC systems [5][6][7][8][9]. Furthermore, the SOEC technology is not only focused on water electrolysis for hydrogen production, but also on co-electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide for syngas and carbon fuels generation [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operating the nickel electrode with hydrogen-lean gases in the molten carbonate electrolysis cell (MCEC)

Lindbergh

Lagergren

2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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If a molten carbonate electrolysis cell (MCEC) is applied for fuel gas production it is important to know the polarization of the nickel electrode when operated at low concentration of hydrogen. Thus, the electrochemical performance of the Ni electrode was investigated under hydrogen-lean gases containing 1/24.5/24.5/50%, 1/49.5/24.5/25%, 1/24.5/49.5/25% and 1/49.5/49.5/0% H2/CO2/H2O/N2 in the temperature range of 600-650 °C and was then compared to the reference case with 25/25/25/25% H2/CO2/H2O/N2. The electrochemical measurements included polarization curve coupled with current interrupt, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Polarization resistances of the Ni electrode obtained by the two different techniques agreed well. For the inlet gases containing low amounts of hydrogen the Ni electrode exhibited higher polarization losses than when using the reference case in the electrolysis cell. The electrochemical impedance measurements showed that both charge-transfer and mass-transfer polarizations were higher for hydrogen-lean gases at all measured temperatures.Except under the condition with 1/49.5/49.5% H2/CO2/H2O at 650 °C, the Ni electrode exhibited lower mass-transfer polarization when compared to the reference case. Furthermore, the mass-transfer polarization was strongly dependent on temperature under H2-lean gases, differing from the reference case when the temperature has almost no effect on mass-transfer polarization. The activation energy for hydrogen production was calculated to be in the range of 69-138 kJ·mol -1 under all measured gases, indicating that the Ni electrode is under kinetic and/or mixed control in the MCEC.

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Long-term tests of a Jülich planar short stack with reversible solid oxide cells in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes

Cited by 162 publications

References 33 publications

Experimental Validation of Two‐Dimensional H₂O and CO₂ Co‐Electrolysis Modeling

Experimental Validation of Two‐Dimensional H₂O and CO₂ Co‐Electrolysis Modeling

Potential of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells as Electricity Storage System

Operating the nickel electrode with hydrogen-lean gases in the molten carbonate electrolysis cell (MCEC)

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Long-term tests of a Jülich planar short stack with reversible solid oxide cells in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes

Cited by 162 publications

References 33 publications

Experimental Validation of Two‐Dimensional H2O and CO2 Co‐Electrolysis Modeling

Experimental Validation of Two‐Dimensional H2O and CO2 Co‐Electrolysis Modeling

Potential of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells as Electricity Storage System

Operating the nickel electrode with hydrogen-lean gases in the molten carbonate electrolysis cell (MCEC)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Experimental Validation of Two‐Dimensional H₂O and CO₂ Co‐Electrolysis Modeling

Experimental Validation of Two‐Dimensional H₂O and CO₂ Co‐Electrolysis Modeling