Long-term study of damage to trees by brown bears Ursus arctos in Poland: Increasing trends with insignificant effects on forest management

Zyśk-Gorczyńska, Ewa; Jakubiec, Z.; Wertz, Bogdan; Wuczyński, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2016.02.007

Cited by 39 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is typical for behavior of Asiatic black bear of the Russian Far East (Ursus thibetanus) to eat the cambium of coniferous trees, especially Abies nephrolepis [ 1 – 3 ]. A similar phenomenon was noted for black bears (U. americanus) in North America [ 4 – 8 ], brown bears (U. arctos) in North America [ 9 ], Europa [ 10 – 12 ], and Asia [ 13 ], and Japanese black bears U. thibetanus japonicus [ 14 , 15 ]. In Japan animals hurt 17 species of coniferous trees and they are considered harmful to the country's forest economy [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…A similar phenomenon was noted for black bears (U. americanus) in North America [4–8], brown bears (U. arctos) in North America [9], Europa [10–12], and Asia [13], and Japanese black bears U. thibetanus japonicus [14, 15]. In Japan animals hurt 17 species of coniferous trees and they are considered harmful to the country's forest economy [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

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Biochemical Content of Cambium ofAbies nephrolepisEaten by Bears on the Far East of Russia

Seryodkin

Zakharenko

Dmitrenok

et al. 2017

Biochemistry Research International

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The peculiarity of bears behavior of stripping of bark is typical for all species. We have described the damage to trees, by Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) and brown bear (U. arctos) in Primorsky Krai and by brown bears on the Sakhalin Island during 1998–2015. In this study, we studied the damaged bark of the tree only in cases where it was clear that part of the cambium was eaten by bears. Cambium of species Abies nephrolepis is the most preferred for bear consumption in Primorsky Krai. We distinguished very large seasonal fluctuations in the amount of its consumption. The greatest interest of bears in this kind of food is in the summer time. We have analyzed the composition of the cambium of A. nephrolepis. These results suggest that the important purpose of the use of this kind of food is to restore and maintain the normal functioning of the intestines.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Biochemical Content of Cambium ofAbies nephrolepisEaten by Bears on the Far East of Russia

Seryodkin

Zakharenko

Dmitrenok

et al. 2017

Biochemistry Research International

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“…Predators such as brown bear and Eurasian lynx can also cause damage to trees. However, the frequency of damages of carnivores on trees are low in relation to ungulates (Černe et al, 2019; Verheyden et al, 2006; Zyśk-Gorczyńska et al, 2016). Further, its most likely that the predator populations should have been small in relation to the ungulates that we can probably exclude their impact to the studied material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Browsing is usually defined as damages caused by the removal of twigs, shoots, leaves, needles, buds, and flowers, leaving no marks on the stem of the trees. Bark-stripping on the other hand, is when animals, such as deer ( Cervidae ), wild horse ( Equus ferus ), and brown bear ( Ursus arctos ) peel off the bark external to the cambium on the trees with their teeth (Kuiters et al, 2006; McIntyre, 1972; Sommer et al, 2011; Zyśk-Gorczyńska et al, 2016). Fraying damages occur due to the removal of bark from trees by the antlers of deer, the horns of bovids ( Bovidae ), or the tusks of wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) and another example of damages related to mating behaviors, marking of territories, or velvet removal of antlers of deer (Gill, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Holocene bark-stripping damages as an indicator of large herbivores: Evidence from a submerged Mesolithic landscape in the Haväng area, southern Baltic basin

et al. 2021

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A unique assemblage consisting of 113 pine samples collected from a submerged Mesolithic landscape in the Haväng area, southern Sweden, was examined to assess the presence of large herbivores, as well as changes in wild-game population density and composition. Bark-stripping damages on prehistoric trees is an extremely underutilized source of information about past game-population dynamics, yet our analyzes of wood samples – dated to around 10 500 cal. yr. BP – shows that such material can be successfully used to study the presence and activities of large herbivores, most likely ungulates. To evaluate our results, comparisons have been made with subfossil peatland trees that grew around 6000 years ago, as well as trees from two present day clearcut logging sites in southern Sweden. Furthermore, studies in a wild-game reserve were performed to recognize and understand different types of damages on trees caused by ungulates. Bark-stripping indicate the presence of ungulates, and the rate of damage is commonly associated with the density of the wild game. Bark-stripping was most frequently observed in the submerged wood material from the early Holocene, where damages were detected in 15% of the trees. In comparisons, 11% of the mid-Holocene trees show bark-stripping damages, whereas marks could be detected in the range between 0% and 6% of the trees from the two present-day clearcut logging sites. Our results show that tree-ring analyzes of prehistoric wood can generate information about wild-game dynamics of the past, and thereby being a valuable complement to more commonly used paleoecological and zooarcheological records.

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“…Damage in agriculture includes crop fields (especially corn), gardens, orchards, grass silage, and vineyards (Krofel & Jerina 2012). In some parts of the range, brown bears cause damage to forestry, which seems to be concentrated on mature conifer trees (Zyśk-Gorczyńska et al 2016). Due to their large size, brown bears can also cause considerable damage to buildings, vehicles, wildlife feeders, and other human property while searching for human foods or during vehicle collisions (Krofel & Jerina 2012).…”

Section: Brown Bearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bears of the World

2020

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Bears have fascinated people since ancient times. The relationship between bears and humans dates back thousands of years, during which time we have also competed with bears for shelter and food. In modern times, bears have come under pressure through encroachment on their habitats, climate change, and illegal trade in their body parts, including the Asian bear bile market. The IUCN lists six bears as vulnerable or endangered, and even the least concern species, such as the brown bear, are at risk of extirpation in certain countries. The poaching and international trade of these most threatened populations are prohibited, but still ongoing. Covering all bears species worldwide, this beautifully illustrated volume brings together the contributions of 200 international bear experts on the ecology, conservation status, and management of the Ursidae family. It reveals the fascinating long history of interactions between humans and bears and the threats affecting these charismatic species.

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Long-term study of damage to trees by brown bears Ursus arctos in Poland: Increasing trends with insignificant effects on forest management

Cited by 39 publications

References 33 publications

Biochemical Content of Cambium ofAbies nephrolepisEaten by Bears on the Far East of Russia

Biochemical Content of Cambium ofAbies nephrolepisEaten by Bears on the Far East of Russia

Early Holocene bark-stripping damages as an indicator of large herbivores: Evidence from a submerged Mesolithic landscape in the Haväng area, southern Baltic basin

Bears of the World

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