Long-Term Follow-Up of Methicillin-Resistant
            <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
            Molecular Epidemiology after Emergence of Clone USA300 in San Francisco Jail Populations

Tattevin, Pierre; Diep, Binh An; Jula, Michael; Perdreau-Remington, Françoise

doi:10.1128/jcm.01372-08

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Many outbreaks have been reported in jails and prisons (136,138,918), and in many urban jails, MRSA has become an endemic pathogen and the predominant etiology of cultured SSTIs (39,215,703,888). There have also been many case reports of detainees and recently released prisoners with MRSA infections (241,299,789,832,835,941,1021).…”

Section: Incarcerated Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 1990s, several S. aureus genetic backgrounds were responsible for initiating the CA-MRSA epidemic, but by the first years of the 21st century (309,888), one well-characterized genetic background, USA300, emerged as the most prevalent strain in the contiguous 48 states in the United States (403,475,543,702,893,895). Elsewhere in the world, including rural southwestern Alaska (218), other PVL ϩ genetic MRSA backgrounds have predominated (Table 5).…”

Section: Usa300 Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

2010

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SUMMARY Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs), endovascular infections, pneumonia, septic arthritis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, foreign-body infections, and sepsis. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were once confined largely to hospitals, other health care environments, and patients frequenting these facilities. Since the mid-1990s, however, there has been an explosion in the number of MRSA infections reported in populations lacking risk factors for exposure to the health care system. This increase in the incidence of MRSA infection has been associated with the recognition of new MRSA clones known as community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). CA-MRSA strains differ from the older, health care-associated MRSA strains; they infect a different group of patients, they cause different clinical syndromes, they differ in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, they spread rapidly among healthy people in the community, and they frequently cause infections in health care environments as well. This review details what is known about the epidemiology of CA-MRSA strains and the clinical spectrum of infectious syndromes associated with them that ranges from a commensal state to severe, overwhelming infection. It also addresses the therapy of these infections and strategies for their prevention.

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Section: Incarcerated Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Usa300 Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

2010

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“…It is becoming a common cause of MRSA infection in health care facilities as well (4,5). USA300 is highly virulent, and epidemiologic studies have suggested that it is readily transmitted in jails (6), among athletes (7), and in other settings. It has been associated with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) and invasive, sometimes fatal infections in previously healthy people (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis with Multilocus Sequence Typing, spa Typing, Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCC mec ) Typing, and PCR for Panton-Valentine Leukocidin, arcA , and opp3 in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates at a U.S. Medical Center

et al. 2013

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c Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a common cause of skin infections and invasive infections in community dwellers in the United States since the late 1990s. Isolates characterized as USA300 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) are the predominant strain type in these infections. USA100 and USA500 strains commonly cause health care-associated infections. We compared PFGE with a number of other methods of genotyping in a sample of 149 clinical MRSA isolates from the University of Chicago Medical Center. The 5 USA500 isolates yielded 3 spa types and 2 multilocus sequence types (MLSTs). Among the 24 USA100 isolates, 21 (88%) were of spa type t002, 19 (79%) were of ST5, 2 carried arcA and opp3, and 1 was Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive (PVL ؉ ). Among the 102 USA300 isolates, 96 (94%) were of ST8 and 94 (92%) were of spa type t008. The combination of traits that provided the best sensitivity (98%), specificity (97%), positive predictive value (PPV) (99%), and negative predictive value (NPV) (95%) for identifying USA300 isolates were the presence of the arcA gene and the presence of the PVL genes (area under the curve, 0.980; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.955 to 1.0). PFGE did not delineate a homogeneous group of MRSA genetic backgrounds, as documented for other typing methods, particularly for USA500 and USA100 pulsotypes. Documenting the presence of arcA and PVL genes by PCR was an efficient and accurate means of identifying USA300 in a collection of MRSA isolates in which USA300 is common. None of the tested genotyping methods provided an accurate means of identifying the next most common PFGE-based backgrounds, USA100 and USA500.

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“…ommunity-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections are among the predominant causes of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in North America (1), including in detainees in prisons (2-7) and jails (4,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Asymptomatic nasal MRSA carriage, a risk factor for clinical infection (15), occurs in 2.7% to 15.8% of U.S. detainees (5,(16)(17)(18), but the nares may not be the primary anatomic site of carriage of CA-MRSA strains (19,20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand and Nasal Carriage of Discordant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates among Urban Jail Detainees

David¹,

Siegel²,

Henderson³

et al. 2014

J Clin Microbiol

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Long-Term Follow-Up of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Molecular Epidemiology after Emergence of Clone USA300 in San Francisco Jail Populations

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

Comparing Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis with Multilocus Sequence Typing, spa Typing, Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCC mec ) Typing, and PCR for Panton-Valentine Leukocidin, arcA , and opp3 in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates at a U.S. Medical Center

Hand and Nasal Carriage of Discordant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates among Urban Jail Detainees

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