Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects

Wang, Meng; Beelen, Rob; Stafoggia, Massimo; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole; Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic; Hoffmann, Barbara; Fischer, Paul; Houthuijs, Danny; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark; Weinmayr, Gudrun; Víneis, Paolo; Xun, Wei; Dimakopoulou, Konstantina; Samoli, Evangelia; Laatikainen, Tiina; Lanki, Timo; Turunen, Anu W.; Oftedal, Bente; Schwarze, Per E.; Aamodt, Geir; Penell, Johanna; Fairé, Ulf dé; Korek, Michal; Leander, Karin; Pershagen, Göran; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Östenson, Claes Göran; Fratiglioni, Laura; Eriksen, Kirsten Thorup; Sørensen, Mette; Tjønneland, Anne; Bueno‐de‐Mesquita, Bas; Eeftens, Marloes; Bots, Michiel L.; Meliefste, Kees; Krämer, Ursula; Heinrich, Joachim; Sugiri, Dorothea; Key, Timothy J.; Hoogh, Kees de; Wolf, Kathrin; Peters, Annette; Cyrys, Josef; Jaensch, Andrea; Concin, Hans; Nagel, Gabriële; Tsai, Ming Yi; Phuleria, Harish C.; Ineichen, Alex; Künzli, Nino; Probst‐Hensch, Nicole; Schaffner, Emmanuel; Vilier, Alice; Clavel‐Chapelon, Françoise; Declerq, Christophe; Ricceri, Fulvio; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Marcon, Alessandro; Galassi, Claudia; Migliore, Enrica; Ranzi, Andrea; Cesaroni, Giulia; Badaloní, Chiara; Forastiére, Francesco; Katsoulis, Michail; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Keuken, Menno; Jedyńska, Aleksandra; Kooter, Ingeborg M.; Kukkonen, Jaakko; Sokhi, Ranjeet S.; Brunekreef, Bert; Katsouyanni, Klea; Hoek, Gerard

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2014.01.026

Cited by 133 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The European studies focused on elemental composition and did not present results for carbon-containing components (i.e., OC, EC, and/or BC or black smoke). None of the elements studied, including S, which can serve as a marker for sulfate, was significantly related to pediatric respiratory outcomes Eeftens et al, 2014) or to cardiovascular mortality (Wang et al, 2014). The U.S. papers that considered mortality or adverse cardiovascular outcomes, with the exception of Lipfert et al (2009), reported significant associations with sulfate; all of these papers reported significant associations with some organic components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Three of these papers (Wang et al, 2014;Fuertes et al, 2014;Eeftens et al, 2014) Two studies considered reproductive endpoints in California cohorts. Wilhelm et al (2011) studied a cohort of births from about 110,000 women who lived within 5 miles of an air pollution monitor in southern California from June 2004 through March 2006.…”

Section: Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ESCAPE studies considered a wide range of health endpoints, including mortality by several cause categories Dimakopoulou et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2014), several morbidity measures MacIntyre et al, 2014;Raaschou-Nielsen et al, 2013;Schikowski et al, 2014;Stafoffia et al, 2014;Fuertes et al, 2014), physiological measures (Fuks et al, 2014;Gehring et al, 2013;Gruzieva et al, 2014), and reproductive measures (Pederen et al, 2013). The results from these studies varied according to the endpoint studied, with cardiovascular endpoints generally showing a significant association with PM 2.5 mass, but not with PM 2.5 absorbance .…”

Section: Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Long-term particulate matter exposure: Attributing health effects to individual PM components

Wyzga

Rohr

2015

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While most in the scientific community are of the opinion that the composition of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is an important driver of resultant health effects, there is still some degree of uncertainty regarding those components considered to be most harmful. Reviews of the subject from several perspectives have been published, but to our knowledge a comprehensive review of the epidemiological and toxicological literature related to long-term exposure to PM 2.5 components does not exist. We reviewed published epidemiological studies that were of a cohort design, included at least one PM component as well as PM 2.5 mass, and included quantitative analysis to relate health outcomes to individual components. Toxicological studies were included if they were ≥5 months in duration and either included at least one PM component as well as PM mass or focused on a specific PM or emissions type. Overall, we find that epidemiological and toxicological evidence for long-term effects of PM components is limited, in contrast to the short-term literature, which is more plentiful. Epidemiological literature suggests that a number of components are associated with health effects, and that no component is unequivocally not so associated. Toxicological studies that can more easily identify potentially causal components are generally limited to long-term studies using concentrated ambient particles (CAPs), of which few long-term studies exist. Epidemiological study designs that utilize existing monitoring data routinely collected by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency would be valuable additions to the literature, as would novel toxicological studies that incorporate innovative designs to separate components or groups of components, such as denuders, filtration, or other approaches. From a policy perspective, it is important to more comprehensively investigate this issue so that if particular constituents are determined to be more potent in inducing health effects, their sources can be controlled.Implications: Understanding the components of PM 2.5 that are most harmful to human health is a critical policy issue. This review examined the epidemiological and toxicological literature related to long-term exposure to PM components and found that, unlike the literature on short-term health effects, there is insufficient information to make clear inferences about causal components. There is a need for further research in this area to exploit existing PM monitoring data in epidemiological studies and to design experimental studies that are able to tease out the effects of multiple constituents.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Long-term particulate matter exposure: Attributing health effects to individual PM components

Wyzga

Rohr

2015

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In particular, for the first time, particulate matter (PM), a major component of outdoor air pollution, was "evaluated separately and classified as carcinogenic to humans" (Group 1, Beelen, Raaschou-Nielsen [2]) since an increasing risk of lung cancer with increasing levels of exposure to PM and air pollution was found whatsoever the PM chemical composition. Moreover, scientific evidences also allowed to recognize the PM as responsible of cardiovascular death due to long-term exposures [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simplified benchmark of ultrafine particle dispersion in idealized urban street canyons: A wind tunnel study

Stabile

Arpino

Buonanno

et al. 2015

Building and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The coordination in Denmark was selected from the experiences with mother-child cohorts and adverse effects of air pollution (18,19). The Czech partners were leading in human biomonitoring and air pollution (20)(21)(22) as well as socioecomomic research on health risks benefits (23)(24)(25)(26) and consumer behavior (27).…”

Section: Newdanubementioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal health in the Danube region – new birth cohort justified

Knudsen

Andersen

Šrám³

et al. 2017

Reviews on Environmental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract In 2013–2015, a consortium of European scientists – NEWDANUBE – was established to prepare a birth cohort in the Danube region, including most of the countries with the highest air pollution in Europe, the area being one-fifth of the European Union’s (EU’s) territory, including 14 countries (nine EU member states), over 100 million inhabitants, with numerous challenges: big socioeconomic disparities, and a region-specific environmental pollution. The consortium reflects the EU Strategy for the Danube Region Strategy (2010), which identified 11 thematic Priority Areas – one of which is the environmental risks. Birth cohorts have been established in all other areas of Europe and collaborative efforts in promoting maternal and fetal health by minimizing the environmental exposures have been initiated with national, European, and international financial support. A birth cohort in the Danube area could apply the established methodologies for prenatal exposure and birth outcome measurements and establish a platform for targeted health promotion in couples planning pregnancies. The consortium included a strong socioeconomic part focusing on the participant’s active registration of exposures to environmental toxicants and health indicators of disease and wellbeing, combined with investigation of their risk-reducing behavior and interventions to change their lifestyle to avoid the adverse health risks. Willingness to pay for reducing the health risks in children is also proposed to be estimated. Further collaboration and networking is encouraged as the Danube region has several decades of experience and expertise in biomonitoring adult populations exposed environmentally or occupationally. Additionally, some countries in the Danube region launched small-scale birth cohorts encouraged by participation in several ongoing research projects.

show abstract

Long-term exposure to elemental constituents of particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality in 19 European cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects

Abstract: In a joint analysis of 19 European cohorts, we found no statistically significant association between long-term exposure to 8 elemental constituents of particles and total cardiovascular mortality.

Cited by 133 publications

References 42 publications

Long-term particulate matter exposure: Attributing health effects to individual PM components

Long-term particulate matter exposure: Attributing health effects to individual PM components

A simplified benchmark of ultrafine particle dispersion in idealized urban street canyons: A wind tunnel study

Perinatal health in the Danube region – new birth cohort justified

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About