Long-term experience in the surgical management of cancer of the uterine cervix

Double‐barrelled wet colostomy with simultaneous urinary and faecal diversion: results in 9 patients and review of the literature

“…Total pelvic exenteration is a radical procedure where all pelvic organs are removed, including the uterus and appendices, the bladder, distal ureters, vagina, prostate, and rectum, in addition to the pelvic lymph nodes [1][2][3][4][5].…”

“…Total pelvic exenteration is a radical procedure where all pelvic organs are removed, including the uterus and appendices, the bladder, distal ureters, vagina, prostate, and rectum, in addition to the pelvic lymph nodes [1–5]. The best indication and therefore the best results are obtained in patients with a central pelvic mass, where the lateral pelvic wall, as well as pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodes, has not been affected, and when there is no distant metastasis [2].…”

Basics of cytology

“…Rates of cancer death due to cervical cancer dropped tremendously after the 1960s when the Papanicolaou smears screening programs had started. [39][40][41][42][43] As a follow-up for different diseases Cytological examinations of specimens taken from different sites as a follow-up after establishing the initial diagnosis is a routine procedure. Sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, and bronchial brushings are frequent samples that are used as follow-up for patients with a previous diagnosis of pulmonary carcinoma.…”

Surgery alone or surgery with a combination radiation or chemoradiation for management of patients with bulky-stage IB2 cervical carcinoma

“…Radiotherapy is frequently employed in the treatment of cervical carcinoma because of its effectiveness in preserving the bladder, rectum, and vagina in patients with advanced disease (7) . However, radiotherapy has also been ineffective at controlling the progression of cervical cancer in 35–90% of women with locally advanced‐stage disease (8) .…”