Long-term evolution of age-related distance esotropia

Godts, Daisy; Deboutte, Isabel; Mathysen, Danny G.P.

doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.12.010

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…There was no difference in age or in the interval from the onset of diplopia to the visit to our hospital between the ARDE and DIE groups. In a previous report, the progress of the deviation angle in the ARDE group (5 years) was 3.4 Δ at distance and 2.7 Δ at near [30], with a small angle but progressing or increasing. Moreover, 16% of patients had recurrent diplopia after surgery for ARDE [31], and ARDE is expected to progress during observation.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 68%

Characterization of the position of the extraocular muscles and orbit in acquired esotropia both at distance and near using orbital magnetic resonance imaging

et al. 2021

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Purpose Age-related distance esotropia (ARDE) involves acquired esotropia at distance and phoria at near. However, distance-independent esotropia (DIE) exists esotropia both at distance and near. Thus, we examined the orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for DIE to assess differences in its characteristics. Methods This study was a retrospective case-control study. We evaluated the efficacy of the standard coronal MRI in patients with acquired esotropia and control patients with optic neuritis. Cases with strabismus in the control group were excluded. DIE was defined as having esotropia both at distance and near, and an angle of more than 10 prism diopters at near. The condition of the lateral rectus-superior rectus band, position of rectus muscles, and the volume ratio of the globe to the whole orbit (G/WO) were examined. Results The DIE group consisted of 12 eyes of 6 patients (77.3±7.7 years); ARDE group, 38 eyes of 19 patients (73.1±6.8 years); and control group, 34 eyes of 17 patients (70.9±4.3 years). The ratio of abnormality of the lateral rectus-superior rectus bands was higher in the DIE and ARDE groups than in the control group (p<0.01). The vertical angle of the lateral rectus deviated downwards in the control (-7.5±5.1°), ARDE (-12.2±9.1°), and DIE groups (-18.8±5.7°) (p<0.05). The tilting angle of the lateral rectus was tilted temporally in the control (-12.2±9.1°), ARDE (-20.0±8.6°) and DIE groups (-28.6±5.4°) (p<0.01). G/WO was higher in the DIE (0.28±0.01) and ARDE groups (0.27±0.02) compared to the control (0.25±0.03) group (p<0.01). Conclusion In comparison with the ARDE and control groups, the DIE group presented with abnormalities of the lateral rectus-superior rectus band, malposition of the lateral rectus, and differences in the G/WO. The DIE group showed a more severe form of ARDE.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 68%

Characterization of the position of the extraocular muscles and orbit in acquired esotropia both at distance and near using orbital magnetic resonance imaging

et al. 2021

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“…Since the supraduction deficits are often symmetrical there is no vertical diplopia. Commonly the displacement of the rectus muscles causes an acquired small-angle comitant esotropia which is larger at distance (divergence insufficiency esotropia pattern), which mimics bilateral sixth nerve palsies [8,10,[13][14][15]. Cyclovertical strabismus in SES is caused by asymmetrical inferior displacement of the lateral rectus muscles (greater in the hypotropic eye), which can mimic a superior oblique palsy [14,16].…”

Section: Sagging Eye Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonneurologic causes of binocular diplopia for the neurologist

Mosleh¹,

Peragallo

2022

Current Opinion in Neurology

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Purpose of reviewTo review several etiologies of nonneurologic diplopia that the neurologist should be familiar with. The pathophysiology, clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, and treatment options are briefly summarized for each condition. Recent findingsCertain etiologies for diplopia can be associated with life-threatening neurologic conditions and should be investigated thoroughly for proper localization and immediate management of the underlying disease. However, nonneurological causes of binocular diplopia are very common and disabling, but are often nonemergent and may not require in-depth investigation or neuroimaging. Some of the etiologies of nonneurologic diplopia mimic cranial nerve palsies, making them confusing to evaluate when the physician is not familiar with these etiologies. Unfamiliarity with these diagnoses can lead to unnecessary neuroimaging, inefficient utilization of medical resources, and undue alarm to the patient. Recent advances in clinical diagnostic tools and neuroimaging have clarified our understanding of the diverse underlying mechanisms of nonneurologic binocular diplopia. SummaryDiplopia can be a difficult symptom for the neurologist to evaluate. A systematic approach to the evaluation of diplopia can help establish the urgency and necessity of an extensive workup. This review will help to familiarize the neurologist with nonneurological causes of binocular diplopia, minimize expensive and unnecessary evaluations, and reassure patients and physicians alike.

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Standard coronal orbital magnetic resonance imaging is an effective technique for diagnosing sagging eye syndrome

Kawai

Goseki

Ishikawa

et al. 2020

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Long-term evolution of age-related distance esotropia

Abstract: Our patients with ARDET experienced a slight increase in distance esodeviation (P < 0.001), whereas no significant change in fusional amplitudes was observed over time (P ≥ 0.05).

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Characterization of the position of the extraocular muscles and orbit in acquired esotropia both at distance and near using orbital magnetic resonance imaging

Characterization of the position of the extraocular muscles and orbit in acquired esotropia both at distance and near using orbital magnetic resonance imaging

Nonneurologic causes of binocular diplopia for the neurologist

Standard coronal orbital magnetic resonance imaging is an effective technique for diagnosing sagging eye syndrome

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