“…Secondly, to consider sound fluctuations over time in rooms above the background noise (generally signified using L A90 ), level-based fluctuation parameters typically used in areas with multi-talker speech, for example, open-plan offices (Yadav et al, 2021), were calculated. These included noise climate NCl L A10 − L A90 (Kryter, 2013), noise pollution level NPL L A,eq + (L A10 − L A90 ) (Ayr et al, 2003), and M A,eq L A,eq − L A90 (Lenne et al, 2020). Thirdly, a set of psychoacoustic parameters was computed using the ArtemiS SUITE 11.0 by HEAD Acoustics (Herzogenrath, Germany): loudness N for time-varying sounds, with the unit "sone" following ISO 532-1 (International Organization for Standardization, 2017); sharpness S with the unit "acum" according to DIN 45692 (Deutsches Institut für Normung, 2009), roughness R (unit: "asper"); and fluctuation strength FS (unit: "vacil") according to the Hearing Model by Sottek (1993).…”