Long-Lifespan Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by a Hybrid Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interface Layer

Abstract

Lithium metal batteries based on metallic Li anodes have been recognized as competitive substitutes for current energy storage technologies due to their exceptional advantage in energy density. Nevertheless, their practical applications are greatly hindered by the safety concerns caused by lithium dendrites. Herein, we fabricate an artificial solid electrolyte interface (SEI) via a simple replacement reaction for the lithium anode (designated as LNA-Li) and demonstrate its effectiveness in suppressing the formation of lithium dendrites. The SEI is composed of LiF and nano-Ag. The former can facilitate the horizontal deposition of Li, while the latter can guide the uniform and dense lithium deposition. Benefiting from the synergetic effect of LiF and Ag, the LNA-Li anode exhibits excellent stability during long-term cycling. For example, the LNA-Li//LNA-Li symmetric cell can cycle stably for 1300 and 600 h at the current densities of 1 and 10 mA cm–2, respectively. Impressively, when matching with LiFePO4, the full cells can steadily cycle for 1000 times without obvious capacity attenuation. In addition, the modified LNA-Li anode coupled with the NCM cathode also exhibits good cycling performance.

Spray-Printed Flexible Li2S Cathode with Inorganic Ion-Conductive Binder Nano-Li3PS4

“…The Ag-decorated Li anode was prepared by pretreating the Li foil with AgNO 3 (0.05 M) dissolved in DME-NMP (9:1) for 30 min. The Ag-decoration could greatly improve the lithium puncture resistance. , The PEO-LLZTO (EO/Li = 15, 10 wt %) separator was prepared by the casting method, whose thickness was 80 μm . To prevent the cathode active materials dissolving into PEO that induces the noxious “polysulfide shuttling” effect, a thin layer of Li 3 PS 4 was sprayed on the top of the Li 2 S cathode with the Li 3 PS 4 precursor sol and sintered together with the cathode.…”

Developing artificial solid-state interphase for Li metal electrodes: recent advances and perspective

“…3b); an ultralong lifespan of 6500 h was achieved in the symmetric cell test at a current density of 2 mA cm −2 and a capacity of 1 mAh cm −2 [64] . Similar hybrid ASEI layers, including sulfide/LiF [65] , Li 2 Se/LiCl [66] , Ag/LiF [67] , and Li 3 Sb/ LiF [68] , impressively improved the electrochemical performance of LMBs. Zhang et al realized that the flexibility of the ASEI layer should be considered and, therefore, adopted a flexible carbon nanotube (CNT) as the scaffold for the Li 3 N@c/s-CNT layer.…”

Calcium silicate composited nano-Si anode with low expansion and high performance for lithium-ion batteries

“…Several strategies have been developed to overcome these drawbacks, such as porous structure construction [9][10][11][12] , artificial solid-electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer formation [13][14][15][16] , and novel binder design [14,17,18] . Researchers also found that downsizing the Si particles to nanometers helps suppress particle pulverization, but the considerable surface area of nanosized Si leads to abundant side reactions, thus decreasing the Coulombic efficiency [19] .…”