Long Face Syndrome: A Literature Review

Bansal, Anchal; Sharma, Mohit; Kumar, Prasanna; Nehra, Karan; Kumar, Sunil

doi:10.15406/jdhodt.2015.02.00071

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Functional activities of the skeletal muscular system, especially those of the masticatory apparatus and in particular movements of the tongue involved in swallowing (Anagnostara et al, 2001 ; Lear et al, 1965 ; Palmer et al, 2008 ; Pameijer et al, 1970 ), speaking (Lammert et al, 2011 , 2013a , 2013b ; Narayanan et al, 2004 ) and breathing (Bresolin et al, 1984 ; Cozza et al, 2007 ; Di Francesco et al, 2006 ; Emslie et al, 1952 ; Harari et al, 2010 ; Hartsook, 1946 ; Katz et al, 2004 ; Melink et al, 2010 ; Rubin, 1980 ; Valera et al, 2003 ; Vazquez‐Nava et al, 2006 ; Vig, 1998 ; Warren, 1990 ; Warren & Bishara, 2002 ) impact both upper and lower jaw morphology (Alghadir et al, 2015 ; Bansal et al, 2015 ; Ferrario et al, 1993 ; Hiiemae & Palmer, 2003 ; Hori et al, 2013 ; Klein, 1986 ; Oxilia et al, 2018 ; Palmer et al, 1997 ; Pirittiniemi, 1994 ) generating a best‐fit occlusion between jaws.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring directional and fluctuating asymmetry in the human palate during growth

Oxilia

Sartorio

Bortolini

et al. 2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: Palate morphology is constantly changing throughout an individual's lifespan, yet its asymmetry during growth is still little understood. In this research, we focus on the study of palate morphology by using 3D geometric morphometric approaches to observe changes at different stages of life, and to quantify the impact of directional and fluctuating asymmetry on different areas at different growth stages. Materials and Methods:The sample consists of 183 individuals (1-72 years) from two identified human skeletal collections of 19th and early 20th Century Italian contexts. A 3D-template of 41 (semi)landmarks was applied on digital palate models to observe morphological variation during growth.Results: Asymmetrical components of the morphological structure appears multidirectional on the entire palate surface in individuals <2 years old and become oriented (opposite bilateral direction) between 2 and 6 years of age. Specifically, directional asymmetry differentially impacts palate morphology at different stages of growth. Both the anterior and posterior palate are affected by mild alterations in the first year of life, while between 2 and 6 years asymmetry is segregated in the anterior area, and moderate asymmetry affects the entire palatal surface up to 12 years of age. Our results show that stability of the masticatory system seems to be reached around 13-35 years first by females and then males. From 36 years on both sexes show similar asymmetry on the anterior area. Regarding fluctuating asymmetry, interindividual variability is mostly visible up to 12 years of age, after which only directional trends can be clearly observed at a group level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring directional and fluctuating asymmetry in the human palate during growth

Oxilia

Sartorio

Bortolini

et al. 2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Kebiasaan buruk seperti menghisap jari, menjulurkan lidah, parafungsional, dan bernafas dari mulut dapat mempengaruhi morfologi tinggi wajah. 6,17 Teori ini didukung oleh penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Harari dkk, yang menyatakan bahwa tinggi vertikal wajah yang lebih tinggi pada individu dengan kebiasaan bernafas dari mulut dibandingkan dengan individu yang bernafas dari hidung. 18 Hasil penelitian yang ditunjukkan pada tabel 3 tidak sejalan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Imani et al, 19 Maskey dan Shrestha.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

<p>Perbedaan tinggi vertikal wajah pada maloklusi Kelas I dan II skeletal </p><p>The vertical facial height difference between skeletal class I and II malocclusions<p>

Lubis

Fulvian

2021

Padjadjaran J Dent Res Students

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Tinggi vertikal wajah berperan penting untuk menghasilkan bentuk wajah yang seimbang. Bentuk wajah dibagi menjadi hiperdivergen, normodivergen, dan hipodivergen. Tinggi vertikal wajah pada setiap individu dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor herediter, ras, jenis kelamin, kebiasaan buruk dan maloklusi. Maloklusi dapat menjadi penyebab perubahan dari struktur kraniofasial dan juga dapat mengganggu estetika pada wajah. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis perbedaan tinggi vertikal wajah pada maloklusi kelas I dan II skeletal dan perbedaan tinggi vertikal wajah pada maloklusi kelas I dan II skeletal pada laki-laki dan perempuan. Metode: Jenis penelitian cross-sectional, populasi penelitian adalah pasien ortodonti yang pernah dirawat di RSGM USU. Besar sampel pada penelitian ini dihitung menggunakan rumus dua proporsi. Sampel penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi didapatkan sebanyak 96 sampel. Kriteria inklusi pada penelitian ini adalah pasien ortodonti yang pernah dirawat di RSGM USU berusia 8-15 tahun, tidak memiliki kebiasaan buruk, tidak pernah mengalami trauma, dan fraktur kraniofasial. Kriteria eksklusi pada penelitian ini adalah tidak pernah melakukan perawatan ortodonti. Subjek maloklusi skeletal diperoleh melalui pengukuran berdasarkan metode Steiner, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran tinggi vertikal wajah menggunakan metode Jarabak (S-Go/ N-Me)%. Hasil: Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada tinggi vertikal wajah antara kelas I dan II skeletal dengan nilai p=0,005 (p<0,05) dan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada tinggi vertikal wajah antara jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan dengan nilai p=0,447 (p>0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan tinggi vertikal wajah pada kelas I dan II skeletal namun tidak terdapat perbedaan tinggi vertikal wajah antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Kata kunci: Tinggi vertikal wajah, metode Jarabak, maloklusi kelas II dan kelas II skeletal, metode Steiner.

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“…Even though inter-radicular implants are most commonly positioned in the posterior alveolus for retraction, they can also be placed in the anterior alveolus for anterior intrusion and molar protraction [ 14 – 21 ]. The prevalence of vertical maxillary excess in the Brazilian population, as well as the Asian population, was reported to be nearly 22% [ 22 ], whereas it was nearly 30% in the South Indian population [ 23 ]. Vertical maxillary excess and gummy smile of mild to moderate severity are very well camouflaged by the mini-implant-aided anterior intrusion [ 14 – 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Orthodontic Mini-Implant Placement in the Maxillary Anterior Alveolar Region in 15 Patients by Cone Beam Computed Tomography at a Single Center in South India

et al. 2022

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Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate orthodontic mini-implant placement in the maxillary anterior alveolar region by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 15 patients at a single center in South India. Material/Methods A total of 15 CBCT scans of orthodontic patients after completion of leveling and aligning stage were included. The thickness of labial alveolar bone, labio-palatal bone, and inter-radicular distance between the maxillary central incisors (U1-U1), maxillary central and lateral incisor (U1–U2), and maxillary lateral incisor and canine (U2–U3) at vertical levels 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm above the interdental cementoenamel junction were measured. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Tukey post hoc tests were done to assess the differences among the groups. An independent t test was done to analyze differences by sex. Results The thickness of cortical bone in the labial region was higher in the U2–U3 site than in the U1-U1 site, at a height of 4 mm. Also, there was a significant difference between 4 mm and 8 mm heights in the U2–U3 region. No significant difference was noted in bone dimensions among men and women and in the labio-palatal bone thickness among the different sites. The inter-radicular distance was the highest between the U2–U3 site, while it was the lowest in the U1–U2 site. Conclusions The findings from this center showed that when CBCT was used to evaluate orthodontic mini-implant placement in the maxillary anterior alveolar region, the U2–U3 and U1-U1 locations at heights between 6 mm to 8 mm apical to the interdental cementoenamel junction were optimal for placement of the mini-implants.

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Long Face Syndrome: A Literature Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Exploring directional and fluctuating asymmetry in the human palate during growth

Exploring directional and fluctuating asymmetry in the human palate during growth

<p>Perbedaan tinggi vertikal wajah pada maloklusi Kelas I dan II skeletal </p><p>The vertical facial height difference between skeletal class I and II malocclusions<p>

Evaluation of Orthodontic Mini-Implant Placement in the Maxillary Anterior Alveolar Region in 15 Patients by Cone Beam Computed Tomography at a Single Center in South India

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