Locational Characteristics of Dry Ports in Developing Economies: Some Lessons from Northern India

The dry port concept – Theory and practice

“…As such, they reaffirm the conclusions of the preceding paper by Beresford et al (2011) and the previous work of Garnwa et al (2009), Ng and Cetin (2011), Ng and Tongzon (2010) and Ng and Gujar (2009), all of which suggest that institutional factors are pivotal to dry port performance within the developing economy context. In order to eliminate the institutional inefficiencies which exist within the state of Sao Paulo, the authors advocate: (a) the implementation of integrated planning -though do not go so far as to suggest that this should be centralised; (b) greater clarity in regulations to incentivise infrastructure investment and; (c) new legislation to encourage collaboration between ports and dry ports and the efficient use of inland logistics infrastructure in order to reap both economic and environmental benefits.…”

The role of intermodal transport in port regionalisation

“…This model has since been used to aid disaggregation of regionalisation strategies and comparison of potentially conflicting strategies that may be pursued by terminals within a port or between ports within the same range. Ng & Cetin (2012) suggested that Inside-Out development is the common model in developing countries, as opposed to Outside-In in developed countries, whereas Monios & Wilmsmeier (2012a) showed that Inside-Out development is common in developed countries also. Increasing port competition in China has spurred several Outside-In developments there (Monios & Wang, 2013).…”

“…European and North American seaports are generally conceptualised as increasingly integrated with their hinterlands, as per the regionalisation model, but the historical lack of inland penetration of Asian and Latin American ports would suggest that such hinterland integration models do not apply there. While this appears to be true in India (Ng & Cetin, 2012) and Latin America (Ng et al, 2013), in China this spatial pattern is being altered by, for example, the establishment of several inland ports in the network emerging in China reflects similarities to patterns observed in more integrated networks such as Europe and North America. Similarly, recent research indicates that the hinterland strategies of globalised port terminal operators in Central America exhibit some replication of European port-driven strategies also (Rodrigue & Wilmsmeier, 2013).…”

Dry Ports As Extensions of Maritime Deep-Sea Ports: A Case Study of Vietnam

“…Ng and Cetin (2012) argue that the least-cost model, which is working well in advanced economies, might be insufficient for a developing dry port system. By testing the Centre of Gravity model in the cases of Ahmadabad and Nagpur in India, their research showed that dry ports in developing economies might be more "cluster-oriented" than "supply chain-oriented".…”