Localization of neuronal-constitutive nitric oxide synthase and secretory regulation by nitric oxide in the rat submandibular and sublingual glands

Takai, Noriyasu; Uchihashi, Kenji; Higuchi, Kyoko; Yoshida, Yo

doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(99)00064-3

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Nitric oxide acts as a possible vascular neuromodulator in the regulation of specific secretory processes in the upper aerodigestive tract (Ellies et al, 2006a). The enzyme neuronal nitric oxide synthase is an important marker of nerve terminals in salivary glands (Chiba and Tanaka, 1998;Takai et al, 1999). Thus, besides acetylcholine transmitters, other neurotransmitters, such as NO neuromodulator may also be involved in regulating the function of the salivary gland (Ellies et al, , 2006a.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and immunohistochemical findings of the action of botulinum toxin in salivary gland: systematic review

2016

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The treatment of sialorrhea is necessary for the constant risks posed by hypersalivation. A new therapeutic option comes up with the application of botulinum toxin in salivary glands. However, little is known about its mechanism of action in glandular tissue. Based on the above, this work had the objective to systematically review the literature about the action of botulinum toxin on submandibular and parotid salivary glands tissues. Electronic search was performed in databases of great relevance for this study (PubMed, SciELO, HighWire, Crossref, Scopus, Science Direct, MEDLINE, OLDMEDLINE, Serials Database, NLM Catalog, LILACS and IBECS). Inclusion and exclusion criteria for articles were established, and a total number of 14 articles were selected and used. There are few publications that clarify how the salivary gland acini behave with application of botulinum toxin. Although, the immunohistochemical findings were consistent among authors, showing weak immunoreactivity in glands treated with botulinum toxin. Histometric data are divergent, requiring more detailed studies to answer the questions about the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin in salivary glands.Keywords: botulinum toxins, salivary glands, sialorrhea, botulinum toxin type A.Achados histológicos e imunohistoquímicos da ação da toxina botulínica em glândula salivar: revisão sistemática ResumoO tratamento da sialorreia se faz necessário pelos constantes riscos trazidos por este estado de hipersalivação. Uma nova opção terapêutica surge com a aplicação da toxina botulínica em glândulas salivares. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre o seu mecanismo de ação no tecido glandular. Com base no exposto, este trabalho teve o objetivo de revisar sistematicamente na literatura a ação da toxina botulínica sobre o tecido das glândulas salivares submandibular e parótida. Foi realizada uma busca eletrônica em bases de dados de grande relevância para este estudo (PubMed, SciELO, HighWire, Crossref, Scopus, Science Direct, MEDLINE, OLDMEDLINE, Serials Database, NLM Catalog, LILACS e IBECS). Foram estabelecidos critérios de inclusão e exclusão para os artigos, e um "n" de 14 trabalhos foram selecionados e utilizados. São poucas as publicações que esclarecem como os ácinos das glândulas salivares se comportam mediante aplicação da toxina botulínica. Apesar de os achados imunohistoquímicos entre os autores serem concordantes, com imunorreatividade mais fracas nas glândulas tratadas com a toxina botulínica, os dados histométricos são divergentes e há questionamentos metodológicos, necessitando de mais estudos pormenorizados para responder as questões sobre a eficácia e segurança da toxina botulínica nas glândulas salivares.Palavras-chave: toxinas botulínicas, glândulas salivares, sialorreia, toxinas botulínicas tipo A.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and immunohistochemical findings of the action of botulinum toxin in salivary gland: systematic review

2016

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“…nNOS-positive neurons have also been found in the hilar region of the rat and ferret mandibular and sublingual glands (Alm et al 1997;Takai et al 1999). Lohinai et al (1995) observed that all neurons in the cat mandibular ganglia were intensely positive for both NADPH-d and nNOS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunoreactivity to nNOS has been found in a few nerve fibres supplying human, rat, cat and ferret salivary glands (Lohinai et al 1995;Alm et al 1997;Takai et al 1999;Soinila et al 2006). In the ferret and rat, NOS-positive varicose nerve terminals encircled the glandular acini and arteries of various sizes (Alm et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated in a variety of species including the rat, mouse, cat, ferret and humans that nerve fibres innervating the MGl may contain biologically active substances, including vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT; cholinergic marker), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), VIPrelated peptide histidine methionine (PHM), neuropeptide Y (NPY), somatostatin (SOM), galanin (GAL), Met5-enkephalin (Met-ENK), substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) (Soinila et al 1989;Tobin et al 1990;Shida et al 1991;Hauser-Kronberger et al 1992;Lohinai et al 1995;Tobin et al 1995;Alm et al 1997;Jia et al 1997;Kusakabe et al 1997;Takai et al 1999;Del Fiacco et al 2014). Although relatively much is known about the innervation of the MGl, it should be emphasised that the studies mentioned above have mostly focused on laboratory mammals and humans.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, studies on the neurochemical coding of neurons in the MGn are scarce and were performed exclusively on laboratory animals. Neurons in the rat, monkey and ferret MGn have been found to exhibit tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-, nNOS-, VIP-, NPY-, ENK-, and SP-immunoreactivity (Shida et al 1991;Alm et al 1997;Takai et al 1999). Interestingly, only a very limited amount of information is available on the expression of cholinergic markers in these parasympathetic nerve cells (Schafer et al 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Immunohistochemical characterisation of neurons in the mandibular ganglion and nerve fibres supplying the porcine mandibular gland

Klimczuk¹,

Podlasz²,

Sienkiewicz³

et al. 2016

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The present study was designed to investigate the chemical coding of neurons in the mandibular ganglion (MGn) and nerve fibres supplying the porcine mandibular gland (MGl) with the use of immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. The cryostat sections from MGn and MGl were processed for double-labelling immunohistochemistry using antisera against vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), galanin (GAL), substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). The MGl was found to be richly supplied by VAChT-positive nerve fibres that surrounded intra-and interlobular salivary ducts. A large number of VAChT-immunoreactive (VAChT-IR) nerve terminals were also observed around acini. Many periductal and periacinar nerve fibres stained positive for DβH. Immunoreactivity to GAL, NPY or VIP was observed in an intermediate number of nerve terminals which were associated with both salivary ducts and acini. Double-immunostaining revealed that in MGn nearly all neurons stained positive for VAChT/ChAT (98.45 ± 0.59%, mean ± SEM) and nNOS (99.71 ± 0.18%). An intermediate number of the nerve cell bodies displayed immunoreactivity to NPY or VIP (18.67 ± 0.52% and 8.11 ± 0.36%, respectively). Single GAL-IR and CGRP-positive neurons were also observed. RT-PCR revealed the presence of transcripts of ChAT, VAChT, nNOS, NPY, VIP and GAL. For SP and DβH very weak signals were observed. RT-PCR with primers targeting CGRP did not generate any PCR product.

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Nitric oxide synthase in human salivary glands

Soinila

Nuorva

Soinila

2005

Histochem Cell Biol

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The distribution of the three nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms was determined immunohistochemically in the human minor and major salivary glands with comparison to that of rat salivary glands. In contrast to rat glands, which contained a dense plexus of neuronal NOS-immunoreactive nerve fibers, only a minority of the nerve fibers in human glands showed neuronal NOS immunoreactivity. Human labial and submandibular glands contained sparse NOS-immunoreactive fibers, while only occasional nerve fibers in the parotid or sublingual glands were stained. Furthermore, in contrast to the animal glands, most duct epithelial cells in all human salivary glands were immunoreactive for neuronal NOS. No specific immunoreactivity for inducible or endothelial NOS were observed in the nerve fibers or duct epithelium. We provide evidence to suggest that the role of nitric oxide in the regulation of salivary gland function is different in human as compared to experimental animals. Nitricergic innervation in human tissue is very sparse and thus nitric oxide is probably of minor importance as a neural regulator of salivary glands. Instead, NOS localized in duct epithelial cells suggests that nitric oxide might directly regulate saliva secretion and it is a putative source of nitrates previously reportedly secreted into the saliva.

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Localization of neuronal-constitutive nitric oxide synthase and secretory regulation by nitric oxide in the rat submandibular and sublingual glands

Cited by 40 publications

References 22 publications

Histological and immunohistochemical findings of the action of botulinum toxin in salivary gland: systematic review

Histological and immunohistochemical findings of the action of botulinum toxin in salivary gland: systematic review

Immunohistochemical characterisation of neurons in the mandibular ganglion and nerve fibres supplying the porcine mandibular gland

Nitric oxide synthase in human salivary glands

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