Loading metal nanoparticles on the CoAl-LDH/CGCNN S-scheme heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction under visible light

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) to hydrocarbon fuels

“…Another important means to improve the PEC ability of MOFs is to composite them with other semiconductor materials to construct heterojunction structures, which mainly make the separation of charge carriers more efficient. 177,178 According to the relative positions of the CB and VB of the two semiconductors in contact with each other, the heterojunctions are usually divided into three categories. Unfortunately, for type III heterojunctions, the CB position of SC-II is lower than the VB position of SC-I; thus, the e − and h + in SC-I cannot be transferred to SC-II, that is, effective carrier separation cannot be achieved.…”

Recent Progress and Outlook of Metal–Organic Framework Materials Used for CO2 Electrocatalytic Reduction

“…Generally, MOF materials encompass the combined functionalities of both metal ions and clusters and organic ligands. By synergistically coupling the electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of inorganic and organic structural units, it becomes possible to create MOF materials with enhanced functionality and broader applicability. − …”

Engineering of a hierarchical S-scheme 2D/3D heterojunction with graphdiyne (g-CnH2n−2) coated 3D porous CoAl2O4 nanoflowers for highly efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution

“…Due to their advantages such as tunable band gaps, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness, LDHs have garnered widespread attention in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. 18 Compared with other layered double hydroxides, CoAl-LDHs exhibit excellent hydrogen production performance in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution due to their content of Co 2+ ions that can promote the rapid dissociation of water molecules, which leads to the release of H. 19 Nevertheless, the swift recombination of photogenerated charge carriers on CoAl-LDH surfaces significantly hampers their energy conversion efficiency, and the larger bandgap also limits their light response range to the ultraviolet region. 18 By calcination at temperatures above 500 °C, LDHs can be topologically transformed into a mixture of metal oxides and spinel, giving them even better stability, a suitable bandgap and superior optoelectronic properties.…”

“…18 Compared with other layered double hydroxides, CoAl-LDHs exhibit excellent hydrogen production performance in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution due to their content of Co 2+ ions that can promote the rapid dissociation of water molecules, which leads to the release of H. 19 Nevertheless, the swift recombination of photogenerated charge carriers on CoAl-LDH surfaces significantly hampers their energy conversion efficiency, and the larger bandgap also limits their light response range to the ultraviolet region. 18 By calcination at temperatures above 500 °C, LDHs can be topologically transformed into a mixture of metal oxides and spinel, giving them even better stability, a suitable bandgap and superior optoelectronic properties. 18,19 It is important to highlight that the atoms in the spinel structure are densely packed and well-stabilized, leading to excellent thermal stability, which ensures that structural integrity and stability are maintained even at elevated temperatures.…”

“…18 By calcination at temperatures above 500 °C, LDHs can be topologically transformed into a mixture of metal oxides and spinel, giving them even better stability, a suitable bandgap and superior optoelectronic properties. 18,19 It is important to highlight that the atoms in the spinel structure are densely packed and well-stabilized, leading to excellent thermal stability, which ensures that structural integrity and stability are maintained even at elevated temperatures. Lv et al employed a thermal treatment method to convert thin 3D flower-like CoAl-layered double hydroxides into ultrathin flower-like 3D porous spinel CoAl 2 O 4 -750.…”