Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process

Moad, Graeme; Rizzardo, Ezio; Thang, San H.

doi:10.1071/ch05072

Cited by 2,124 publications

(1,947 citation statements)

References 231 publications

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“…(1)(2)(3)(4) In particular recent advances in controlled radical polymerization (CRP) techniques have allowed for the preparation of a wide range of well-defined and functional polymers, thus affording readily tunable structural and chemical features. (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) Of particular interest is the development of responsive or smart materials that respond (for example through a change in solubility) to external stimuli. (11)(12)(13) There are a number of stimuli which can be used to afford a change in polymer properties including most commonly temperature, light, oxidation and pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH-Responsive Chiral Nanostructures

Willcock

Ieong

et al. 2011

Aust. J. Chem.

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There is great current interest in the design of robust synthetic polymers for the preparation of novel functional, well-defined, biocompatible and tailorable materials for a range of applications. In this work we have used reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to prepare chiral and responsive amphiphilic block copolymers (based on polyphenylalanine acrylamide) which can be assembled at different pHs to form well-defined nanostructures, whose morphology and size were explored using TEM, DLS and SLS measurements and stability by fluorescence and NMR spectroscopy. 2The application of these chiral and responsive nanostructures in the resolution of hydrophilic racemic amino acids has also been explored.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH-Responsive Chiral Nanostructures

Willcock

Ieong

et al. 2011

Aust. J. Chem.

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“…[13] A low polydispersity index (PDI) is critical to obtain a sharp temperature phase transition for the desired application. The use of a chain transfer agent (CTA) with amino acid-reactive functional groups to mediate RAFT polymerization is especially suitable for the preparation of various semi-telechelic polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoprecipitation of Glutathione S‐Transferase by Glutathione–Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) Prepared by RAFT Polymerization

Chang

Nguyen

Maynard

2010

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Herein, we report an effective and rapid method to purify glutathione S‐transferase (GST) using glutathione (GSH)‐modified poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAAm) and mild, thermal conditions. A chain transfer agent modified with pyridyl disulfide was employed in the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of NIPAAm. The resulting polymer had a narrow molecular weight distribution (polydispersity index = 1.21). Conjugation of GSH to the pyridyl disulfide–pNIPAAm reached 95% within 30 min as determined by UV–Vis monitoring of the release of pyridine‐2‐thione. GST was successfully thermoprecipitated upon heating the GSH–pNIPAAm above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The pull down assay was repeated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and T4 lysozyme (T4L), which demonstrated the specificity of the polymer for GST. Due to its simplicity and high efficiency, this method holds great potential for large‐scale purification of GST‐tagged proteins.magnified image

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“…[11][12][13] The synthesis of well-controlled polymers with predetermined molecular weight (MW) and narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD) has been achieved by controlled radical polymerization (CRP). Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), 14,15 stable free radial polymerization (SFRP), 16 and reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) 17 polymerization techniques have been the most successful methods. The 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition, one of the click reactions, 18 has been employed as a method for chemical transformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise Control of Thermoresponsive Properties of Polymers with Hydroxy Groups in the Side Chains

Lee¹

2015

Polymer Korea

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Thermoresponsive polymers were successfully synthesized by a combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azide and alkynes (click chemistry). Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) was synthesized by ATRP, followed by introduction of alkyne groups using pentynoic acid, leading to HEMA-alkyne. Homopolymers having secondary amine groups, tertiary amines with hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl groups were synthesized by adding 2-azido-N-ethyl-ethanamine, 2-[(2-azidoethyl)amino]ethanol, and 2-[(2-azidoethyl)amino]propanol, respectively, to the PHEMA-alkyne backbone using click chemistry. Molecular weight (MW), molecular weight distribution (MWD), and click reaction efficiency were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The transmission spectra of the 1.0 wt% aqueous solutions of the resulting polymers at 650 nm were measured as a function of temperature. Results showed that the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) could be easily controlled by the length of the hydroxyalkyl groups.

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Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process

Cited by 2,124 publications

References 231 publications

pH-Responsive Chiral Nanostructures

pH-Responsive Chiral Nanostructures

Thermoprecipitation of Glutathione S‐Transferase by Glutathione–Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) Prepared by RAFT Polymerization

Precise Control of Thermoresponsive Properties of Polymers with Hydroxy Groups in the Side Chains

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