Live fast die young life history in females: evolutionary trade-off between early life mating and lifespan in female Drosophila melanogaster

Travers, Laura M.; García‐González, Francisco; Simmons, Leigh W.

doi:10.1038/srep15469

Cited by 72 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…When associations are ephemeral, females may prefer mating with males that provide the greatest short-term benefits, but in more stable groups they may prefer to associate and mate with males that are inflict less harm over the long-term. More broadly, these results may prove enlightening to the study of life-history trade-offs between longevity and fecundity [24,25]. In environments where survivorship of females is relatively high, it may be advantageous to mate with males whose harmful effects are less deleterious to later-life fecundity, compared with situations where there are high rates of adult mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation in male-induced harm in Drosophila melanogaster

Filice¹,

Long²

2016

Biol. Lett.

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In Drosophila melanogaster, prolonged exposure to males reduces the longevity and fecundity of females. This harm arises from the effects of male courtship behaviours and the toxic side effects of the accessory gland proteins (Acps) in their seminal fluids. Here, we examine the relationship between male exposure and its harmful effect on the lifetime fitness of his mates, and quantify the genetic basis for this variation. We found significant additive genetic variation in the magnitude of harm that males impose on females by exposing females to males from a variety of hemiclonal backgrounds for either a brief or prolonged period of time and measuring their fecundity, a meaningful fitness index. Furthermore, we discovered a strong negative correlation between the magnitude of harm and the short-term effects of male exposure on female fitness. We discuss the evolutionary significance of these results with regards to potential life-history trade-offs in females, and its relationship to male body size.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation in male-induced harm in Drosophila melanogaster

Filice¹,

Long²

2016

Biol. Lett.

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“…To measure male ability to inhibit female remating through the action of seminal fluid components (Chen et al, 1988;Aigaki et al, 1991;Kalb et al, 1993), virgin tester females from an isogenic line were mated to a single focal isofemale line male by placing individual pairs into vials and observing for 2 h. We assessed the remating inhibition of 2.9 AE 1.3 males per isofemale line. We used tester females to control for genotypic male 9 female interactions on female remating rates (Travers et al, 2015). After a mating pair disengaged, males were removed from the vial to prevent remating with the same male.…”

Section: Male Inhibition Of Female Rematingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation but weak genetic covariation between pre‐ and post‐copulatory episodes of sexual selection inDrosophila melanogaster

Travers

García‐González

Simmons

2016

J of Evolutionary Biology

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When females mate polyandrously, male reproductive success depends both on the male's ability to attain matings and on his ability to outcompete rival males in the fertilization of ova post-copulation. Increased investment in ejaculate components may trade off with investment in precopulatory traits due to resource allocation. Alternatively, pre- and post-copulatory traits could be positively related if individuals can afford to invest heavily in traits advantageous at both episodes of selection. There is empirical evidence for both positive and negative associations between pre- and post-copulatory episodes, but little is known about the genetic basis of these correlations. In this study, we measured morphological, chemical and behavioural precopulatory male traits and investigated their relationship with measures of male fitness (male mating success, remating inhibition and offensive sperm competitiveness) across 40 isofemale lines of Drosophila melanogaster. We found significant variation among isofemale lines, indicating a genetic basis for most of the traits investigated. However, we found weak evidence for genetic correlations between precopulatory traits and our indices of male fitness. Moreover, pre- and post-copulatory episodes of selection were uncorrelated, suggesting selection may act independently at the different episodes to maximize male reproductive success.

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“…That disparity would be exacerbated by any shifts in the operational sex ratio between the range-edge and range-core [21]. In circumstances where mates are rare, individual fitness will depend on traits that promote survival and longevity rather than success in mate competition [22–25]. In contrast, high population density can increase intrasexual competition and result in the evolution of secondary sexual characters such as ornaments, weaponry or sexual size dimorphism [5,18,26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

It is lonely at the front: contrasting evolutionary trajectories in male and female invaders

Hudson¹,

Brown²,

Shine³

2016

R. Soc. open sci.

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Invasive species often exhibit rapid evolutionary changes, and can provide powerful insights into the selective forces shaping phenotypic traits that influence dispersal rates and/or sexual interactions. Invasions also may modify sexual dimorphism. We measured relative lengths of forelimbs and hindlimbs of more than 3000 field-caught adult cane toads (Rhinella marina) from 67 sites in Hawai'i and Australia (1–80 years post-colonization), along with 489 captive-bred individuals from multiple Australian sites raised in a ‘common garden’ (to examine heritability and reduce environmental influences on morphology). As cane toads spread from east to west across Australia, the ancestral condition (long limbs, especially in males) was modified. Limb length relative to body size was first reduced (perhaps owing to natural selection on locomotor ability), but then increased again (perhaps owing to spatial sorting) in the invasion vanguard. In contrast, the sex disparity in relative limb length has progressively decreased during the toads' Australian invasion. Offspring reared in a common environment exhibited similar geographical divergences in morphology as did wild-caught animals, suggesting a genetic basis to the changes. Limb dimensions showed significant heritability (2–17%), consistent with the possibility of an evolved response. Cane toad populations thus have undergone a major shift in sexual dimorphism in relative limb lengths during their brief (81 years) spread through tropical Australia.

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Live fast die young life history in females: evolutionary trade-off between early life mating and lifespan in female Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 72 publications

References 50 publications

Genetic variation in male-induced harm in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetic variation in male-induced harm in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetic variation but weak genetic covariation between pre‐ and post‐copulatory episodes of sexual selection inDrosophila melanogaster

It is lonely at the front: contrasting evolutionary trajectories in male and female invaders

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