Lithic technology, chronology, and marine shells from Wadi Aghar, southern Jordan, and Initial Upper Paleolithic behaviors in the southern inland Levant

Kadowaki, Seiji; Tamura, Takeshi; Sano, Katsuhiro; Kurozumi, Taiji; Maher, Lisa; Wakano, Joe Yuichiro; Omori, Takayuki; Kida, Risako; Hirose, Masato; Massadeh, Sate; Henry, Donald O.

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.102646

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…However, Boaretto et al (2021) have recently proposed that the earliest occupations at Boker Tachtit (i.e., Levels 1-3 and AH-B) and the earliest date from Wadi Aghar Layer D2, dated to ca. 50 ka (Kadowaki et al, 2019b), overlap with the reported ages of lateMP industries from regional sites (Tor Faraj and Far'ah II). From this, they suggest that late MP groups coexisted (and probably interacted) with IUP populations in the Negev ca.…”

Section: Initial Upper Paleolithic In the Levantsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Since 2016, a renewed investigation has been conducted at MP and UP sites in an effort to refine the cultural-chronology and to increase human behavioral and paleoenvironmental records in the late Pleistocene (Kadowaki & Henry, 2019). Recent results include chronological and lithic technological studies of an IUP occupation at a rockshelter site of Wadi Aghar (Kadowaki et al, 2019b). Here we present another occurrence of IUP occupation at nearby Tor Fawaz.…”

Section: Research Background Of the Sitementioning

confidence: 59%

“…In addition, chrono-stratigraphic records at Kebara and Manot indicate the appearance of the Ahmarian at ca. 47-46 ka cal BP (Alex et al, 2017;Rebollo et al, 2011), preceding or overlapping the dates of the IUP occurrences at other sites, including Ksar Akil (Douka et al, 2012;Bosch et al, 2015aBosch et al, , 2015b, Ücağızlı (Kuhn et al, 2019), Umm el-Tlel (Boëda et al, 2015), and Wadi Aghar (Kadowaki et al, 2019b). The possible contemporaneity of the Ahmarian at Kebara/Manot and the IUP at other sites in the Levant could represent regional mosaic patterns of cultural developments that occurred at local scales (Stutz, 2020).…”

Section: Initial Upper Paleolithic In the Levantmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Typologically, they are characterized by UP tool types, such as end scrapers and burins, and unique types, such as Emireh points and chamfered pieces. Blank forms are dominated by robust elongated pieces, i.e., blades and points that have broad, often faceted, striking platforms indicating hardhammer percussion (e.g., Kadowaki et al, 2019b;Kuhn et al, 2009;Meignen, 2012;Ohnuma, 1988;Volkman, 1983).…”

Section: Initial Upper Paleolithic In the Levantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lithic Technology and Chronology of Initial Upper Paleolithic Assemblages at Tor Fawaz, Southern Jordan

et al. 2021

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The Initial Upper Paleolithic (IUP) is a key chrono-cultural concept in our understanding of the cultural and population dynamics at the transition from the Middle Paleolithic to Upper Paleolithic period. This paper presents technological and chronological analyses of lithic assemblages from a rockshelter site at Tor Fawaz in the Jebel Qalkha area, southern Jordan, to provide accurate dating and detailed recognition of the IUP variability in the Levant. We present integrated micromorphological, phytolith, and dung spherulite analyses to evaluate formation and postdepositional processes of archaeological remains through high-resolution micro-contextual studies. As a result, the Tor Fawaz assemblages show general similarity to those of Boker Tachtit Level 4, Tor Sadaf A–B, and Wadi Aghar C–D1 that represent the late phase of the IUP in the southern Levant. Based on the detailed recognition of site-formation processes, we suggest ca. 45–36 ka as the age of IUP occupations at Tor Fawaz. More specifically, the IUP occupations at Tor Fawaz and Wadi Aghar, a nearby IUP site in the same area, may represent slightly different phases that show a lithic technological trend paralleling the IUP sequence at Tor Sadaf in southern Jordan, and possibly post-date Boker Tachtit Level 4. We also discuss the issue of partial chronological overlap between the late IUP and the Ahmarian and also argue for the geographically different trends in cultural changes from the late IUP to the Ahmarian.

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Section: Initial Upper Paleolithic In the Levantsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Research Background Of the Sitementioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Initial Upper Paleolithic In the Levantmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Initial Upper Paleolithic In the Levantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lithic Technology and Chronology of Initial Upper Paleolithic Assemblages at Tor Fawaz, Southern Jordan

et al. 2021

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“…BP and marks a shift in the regional sequence toward blade-based production, and the Early Upper Paleolithic (EUP), which emerges after 40 ka cal BP. Despite some regional variation between western and eastern Eurasia Zwyns, 2014, 2018;Hoffecker et al, 2019;Kuhn, 2019;Hublin et al, 2020;Fewlass et al, 2020), the IUP is consistent enough in Central and East Asia to be associated with Homo sapiens dispersals along a 'Northern Route' as early as 46-45 ka cal BP (Goebel, 2004(Goebel, , 2015Zwyns, 2012;Fu et al, 2014;Madsen et al, 2014;Rybin, 2014;Hublin, 2015;Hoffecker, 2017;Li et al, 2019;Izuho et al, 2019;Kadowaki et al, 2019;. In addition to specific typological markers (Rybin, 2000(Rybin, , 2014, IUP assemblages often show distinctive technological features that stem from a strong emphasis on the production of blades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new Upper Paleolithic occupation at the site of Tolbor-21 (Mongolia): Site formation, human behavior and implications for the regional sequence

Rybin

Paine

Khatsenovich

et al. 2020

Quaternary International

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In Central and East Asia, the Upper Paleolithic dates as early as 45 ka cal BP, but until recently, there was little reliable information concerning human occupation during the following period, between 45 and 40 ka cal BP. Here we present results of the excavation of the site of Tolbor-21, in the Selenga drainage system, Northern Mongolia. We focus on Tolbor-21 Archeological Horizon 4 (AH4), an archeological assemblage that documents human occupations that fall stratigraphically and chronologically between the Initial and the Early Upper Paleolithic. We report on the spatial distribution of the finds, the zooarcheological and the lithic data to determine which of the observations reflect post-depositional processes, and which are informative of human behavior. Our initial results presented here show evidence of reworking and preservation bias on a succession of occupations, the exploitation of medium/large herbivores, and a potential structured use of space. At the regional level, our results suggest that improving the resolution of data collection may identify previously undocumented episodes of human occupation. At a broader scale, the Tolbor-21 AH4 assemblage brings new perspectives on the development of the Early Upper Paleolithic in Central and Northeast Asia.

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West Asia

Kadowaki,

Suzuki,

Nishiaki

2023

Replacement of Neanderthals by Modern Humans Series

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Lithic technology, chronology, and marine shells from Wadi Aghar, southern Jordan, and Initial Upper Paleolithic behaviors in the southern inland Levant

Cited by 21 publications

References 80 publications

Lithic Technology and Chronology of Initial Upper Paleolithic Assemblages at Tor Fawaz, Southern Jordan

Lithic Technology and Chronology of Initial Upper Paleolithic Assemblages at Tor Fawaz, Southern Jordan

A new Upper Paleolithic occupation at the site of Tolbor-21 (Mongolia): Site formation, human behavior and implications for the regional sequence

West Asia

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