Liquid‐phase polymerization of propylene with a highly active catalyst

Samson, Job Jan C.; Weickert, G.; Heerze, Annelies E.; Westerterp, K.R.

doi:10.1002/aic.690440620

Cited by 35 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The catalyst injection system used was similar to that described by Samson et al [25] After catalyst injection, the ethylene pressure was increased to 10 bar and polymerization was continued for 1 or 2 h at 50 8C. The stirrer rate was 1 000 rpm.…”

Section: Polymerization Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Titanium‐Based Single‐Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization Using Supports of Type MgCl₂/AlR_n(OEt)_3–n

Severn

Chadwick

2004

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Summary: Easy and effective immobilization and activation of a range of Ti‐based single‐site catalysts for ethylene polymerization has been achieved, without methylaluminoxane or borate activators, using MgCl2/AlRn(OEt)3–n supports obtained by reaction of AlR3 with adducts of magnesium chloride and ethanol. The use of relatively low catalyst loadings leads to efficient uptake by the support and gives high catalyst activity. Catalyst immobilization using these MgCl2‐based supports also leads to stable polymerization kinetics, with negligible decay in catalyst activity during polymerization. Metallocene, half‐metallocene, and non‐metallocene catalysts have been used, particularly high activities being obtained using cyclopentadienyl titanium trichloride and its analogues. The polyethylenes obtained have narrow molecular weight distribution, with $\overline M _{\rm w} /\overline M _{\rm n}$ generally in the range 2–3, indicating retention of single‐site catalyst characteristics after immobilization. Spherical polymer particle morphology was achieved, without reactor fouling.Temperature profile of ethylene polymerization using [(Indenyl)TiCl3] immobilized on a MgCl2/AlEtn(OEt)3–n support (▴: internal temperature; ▪: cooling mantle temperature).magnified imageTemperature profile of ethylene polymerization using [(Indenyl)TiCl3] immobilized on a MgCl2/AlEtn(OEt)3–n support (▴: internal temperature; ▪: cooling mantle temperature).

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Section: Polymerization Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Titanium‐Based Single‐Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization Using Supports of Type MgCl₂/AlR_n(OEt)_3–n

Severn

Chadwick

2004

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…In addition, the active site concentration decreases in accordance with a first order decay mechanism constant [26].…”

Section: Appendix a Dynamic Model Of The Polymerization Processmentioning

confidence: 97%

Non-linear model based control of a propylene polymerization reactor

Ali

Betlem

Weickert

et al. 2007

Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification

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Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Abstract A modified generic model controller is developed and tested through a simulation study. The application involves model-based control of a propylene polymerization reactor in which the monomer conversion and melt index of the produced polymer are controlled by manipulating the reactor cooling water flow and the inlet hydrogen concentration.Non-linear control is designed using a simplified non-linear model, in order to demonstrate the robustness of the control approach for modeling errors. Two model parameters are updated online in order to ensure that the controlled process outputs and their predicted values track closely. The controller is the static inverse of the process model with setpoints of the measured process outputs converted to setpoints for some of the state variables.The simulation study shows that the proposed controller has good setpoint tracking and disturbance rejection properties and is superior to the conventional generic model control and Smith predictor control approaches.

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“…The details of the setup were described previously. 2,3 Polymerizations were carried out batchwise under isothermal conditions. During polymerization, the difference between the reactor and jacket temperatures was measured at intervals of 20 s to calculate R p .…”

Section: Polymerization Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study of a highly active MgCl₂‐supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst in liquid pool propylene polymerization. II. The influence of alkyl aluminum and alkoxysilane on catalyst activation and deactivation

Shimizu

Pater

Swaaij

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The influence of alkyl aluminum and alkoxysilane on the kinetics in liquid pool propylene batch polymerization was investigated with a highly active ZieglerNatta catalyst system that consisted of MgCl 2 /TiCl 4 /diester-alkoxysilane/AlR 3 . In this study, diethyl phthalate and t-BuEtSi(OMe) 2 were used as a diester and an alkoxysilane, respectively. The catalyst activity depended on the concentration of the alkyl aluminum when it came into contact with the catalyst. In addition, alkoxysilane as an external donor had a role in activating the catalyst. With respect to activity decay, the overreduction of Ti did not seem to be the cause. Instead, the decay rate decreased with an increasing alkoxysilane/catalyst ratio. This implied that activity decay was caused by the formation of dormant sites after 2,1-misinsertion of propylene.

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Liquid‐phase polymerization of propylene with a highly active catalyst

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Activation of Titanium‐Based Single‐Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization Using Supports of Type MgCl₂/AlR_n(OEt)_3–n

Activation of Titanium‐Based Single‐Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization Using Supports of Type MgCl₂/AlR_n(OEt)_3–n

Non-linear model based control of a propylene polymerization reactor

Kinetic study of a highly active MgCl₂‐supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst in liquid pool propylene polymerization. II. The influence of alkyl aluminum and alkoxysilane on catalyst activation and deactivation

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Liquid‐phase polymerization of propylene with a highly active catalyst

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Activation of Titanium‐Based Single‐Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization Using Supports of Type MgCl2/AlRn(OEt)3–n

Activation of Titanium‐Based Single‐Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization Using Supports of Type MgCl2/AlRn(OEt)3–n

Non-linear model based control of a propylene polymerization reactor

Kinetic study of a highly active MgCl2‐supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst in liquid pool propylene polymerization. II. The influence of alkyl aluminum and alkoxysilane on catalyst activation and deactivation

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Product

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Activation of Titanium‐Based Single‐Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization Using Supports of Type MgCl₂/AlR_n(OEt)_3–n

Activation of Titanium‐Based Single‐Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization Using Supports of Type MgCl₂/AlR_n(OEt)_3–n

Kinetic study of a highly active MgCl₂‐supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst in liquid pool propylene polymerization. II. The influence of alkyl aluminum and alkoxysilane on catalyst activation and deactivation