Liquid Metals as Efficient Coolants for High-intensity Point-focus Receivers: Implications to the Design and Performance of Next-generation CSP Systems

Pacio, J.; Fritsch, Andreas; Singer, Csaba; Uhlig, Ralf

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.070

Cited by 49 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Liquid metals, such as liquid sodium (LS) or lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE), are for example considered as heat transfer fluid in central receiver systems which could increase their efficiency and make them economically more competitive. As shown in Pacio et al [16] , thermal conductivity coefficients of LS and LBE are roughly one order of magnitude greater than other currently employed heat transfer fluids, such as molten nitrate salts. In this respect, LS and LBE exhibit also lower melting points and greater boiling temperatures, allowing to extend operating ranges at which they can be employed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

DNS of Turbulent Heat Transfer in Impinging Jets at Different Reynolds and Prandtl Numbers

Magagnato¹,

Secchi²,

Forooghi³

et al. 2021

14th WCCM-ECCOMAS Congress

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The heat transfer between an impinging circular jet and a flat plate is studied by means of direct numerical simulations (DNS) for different Prandtl numbers of the fluid. The thermal field is resolved for Pr = 1, 0.72, 0.025, and 0.01. The flow is incompressible and the temperature is treated as a passive scalar field. The jet originates from a fully developed turbulent pipe flow and impinges perpendicularly on a smooth solid heated plate placed at two pipe diameters distance from the jet exit section. The values of Reynolds numbers based on the pipe diameter and bulk mean velocity in the pipe are set to Re = 5300 and Re = 10000. Inflow boundary conditions are enforced using a precursor simulation. Heat transfer at the wall is addressed through the Nusselt number distribution and main flow field statistics. At fixed Reynolds number it is shown that the Prandtl number influences the intensity of the Nusselt number at a given radial location, and that the Nusselt number distribution along the plate exhibit similar features at different Prandtl numbers. The characteristic secondary peak in the Nusselt number distribution is found for both Reynolds numbers for Pr = 0.025 and Pr = 0.01. All the simulations presented in this study were performed with the high order spectral element code Nek5000. Generated flow field statistics are available in the open access repository KITOpen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

DNS of Turbulent Heat Transfer in Impinging Jets at Different Reynolds and Prandtl Numbers

Magagnato¹,

Secchi²,

Forooghi³

et al. 2021

14th WCCM-ECCOMAS Congress

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“…A thermochemical storage system utilizes the thermal energy that is released in an exothermic reaction during the discharging process according to Equation 3. In the charging process the endothermal reaction takes place (shift to left) [28].…”

Section: Thermochemical Storage Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the operation with molten salt is currently limited to 290 • C and 565 • C defined by the melting and the chemical decomposition temperature [2]. Liquid metals (LM) are a promising alternative due to their high boiling temperatures and excellent heat transfer characteristics [3]. Sodium, tin, leadbismuth-eutectic and also sodium-potassium are proposed as main candidates, as they also show relatively low melting points [4], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of thermal energy storage options in a sodium-based CSP plant

Niedermeier

Flesch

Marocco

et al. 2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

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“…Previous experiences with liquid metals in CT plants showed that using liquid sodium as a cooler can lower the cost of the thermal storage, piping and pumps because of the potential smaller tank size to have the same energy density [21,54]. Liquid lead is safer than other liquid metals that react fast with air and has competitive advantages compared to molten salt for storage purposes (higher energy storage density and 50% lower cost) [54]. The parametric analysis of these studies showed that the optimal results would be achieved at a high temperature compared to the set one, but because of a lack of qualified materials that work at the optimal temperature, the HTF's temperature is usually reduced.…”

Section: Heat Transfer Fluids (Htfs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the Enablers and Barriers for a Wider Deployment of CSP Tower Technology in Europe

Aprà¹,

Sterling²,

Loureiro³

2021

Clean Technol.

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For years, concentrated solar power (CSP) has been considered an emerging technology that could disrupt the energy production sector . The possibility to store the electricity generated during the sunny operating hours in the form of heat enhances energy dispatchability and gives CSP a unique value proposition that conventional renewable energies cannot provide cost-efficiently since it requires the integration of costly large-scale battery systems. CSP is a cleaner technology compared to photovoltaics, but photovoltaics currently has lower overall capital costs, making it more attractive to investors and stakeholders who want to spend less money upfront, . This is one of the main reasons why CSP has never really led either the electricity market or the heating one, even if its combined generation capability (heat and electricity) is globally recognized as a great advantage for a renewable technology. In this study, we analyze the reasons why CSP is not as widespread as it could be; at the same time, we look at the opportunities and the enablers for a further deployment of this technology, focusing on the European region.

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Liquid Metals as Efficient Coolants for High-intensity Point-focus Receivers: Implications to the Design and Performance of Next-generation CSP Systems

Cited by 49 publications

References 22 publications

DNS of Turbulent Heat Transfer in Impinging Jets at Different Reynolds and Prandtl Numbers

DNS of Turbulent Heat Transfer in Impinging Jets at Different Reynolds and Prandtl Numbers

Assessment of thermal energy storage options in a sodium-based CSP plant

Overview of the Enablers and Barriers for a Wider Deployment of CSP Tower Technology in Europe

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