Liquid–Liquid Equilibria for Ternary Mixtures of γ-Valerolactone + n-Tetradecane + (Butanoic Acid or Hexanoic Acid or Methyl Myristate) at 298.15 K

Abstract

Novel experimental liquid−liquid equilibrium measurements were performed for three ternary systems containing γ-valerolactone + n-tetradecane + (butanoic acid or hexanoic acid or methyl myristate) at T = 298.15 K. The quantification of the coexisting phases was performed using an indirect method which relies on the variation of physical properties (density) along the binodal curve. The experimental data were successfully correlated by the nonrandom two-liquid and the universal quasichemical models.

Liquid–Liquid Equilibria of Ternary Mixtures (1-Heptanol, Propanone, 2-Butanone or 2-Heptanone + γ-Valerolactone + n-Tetradecane)

“… a Purity declared by the supplier (mass fraction), refractive index ( n ), water content (mass fraction, w w ), experimental density (ρ exp ) measured at T = 298.15 K and p = 94.2 kPa, literature density (ρ ref ). b Corrêa et al, 2019 c Aminabhavi and Bindu, 1994 …”

“…Propanone and 2-butanone were purchased from Synth and CRQ, respectively. Standard uncertainties are u ( T ) = 0.05 K and u ( p ) = 0.5 kPa. , …”

“…The experimental liquid–liquid equilibrium data were correlated using the nonrandom two liquid (NRTL) model and Aspen Plus v.10 . The binary interaction parameters ( a ij and b ij ) and the nonrandomness parameter (α ij ) for GVL and n -tetradecane interaction used as input in the software are presented in Table …”

“…Nonetheless, the interest in GVL for industrial applications is quite recent so the compound is still not produced at commercial scale and little is known about its interactions with other chemicals. Accordingly, the few studies available on this subject are related to the liquid–liquid equilibria of GVL + hydrocarbon, − GVL + toluene + hydrocarbon, , GVL + n -tetradecane + carboxylic acids, and GVL + n -tetradecane + esters and the vapor–liquid equilibria of GVL + alcohols, , GVL + water, ,, and GVL + formic acid. , …”

Isobaric Vapor–Liquid Equilibria of Binary Mixtures of γ-Valerolactone + Acetone and Ethyl Acetate

“…Řehák studied the binary liquid–liquid equilibria of GVL with selected hydrocarbons referring to its biofuel applications and determined its thermal and volumetric properties . Ceriani’s group reported liquid–liquid equilibria data for three n -tetradecane-based ternary mixtures of GVL . However, for its solvent or solvent–component application, the separation issues of GVL from well-known and commonly utilized organic reaction media is crucial and therefore its investigation is highly desired.…”